Born–Landé equation
Formula for lattice energy / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Born–Landé equation is a means of calculating the lattice energy of a crystalline ionic compound. In 1918[1] Max Born and Alfred Landé proposed that the lattice energy could be derived from the electrostatic potential of the ionic lattice and a repulsive potential energy term.[2]
where:
- NA = Avogadro constant;
- M = Madelung constant, relating to the geometry of the crystal;
- z+ = numeric charge number of cation
- z− = numeric charge number of anion
- e = elementary charge, 1.6022×10−19 C
- ε0 = permittivity of free space
- 4πε0 = 1.112×10−10 C2/(J·m)
- r0 = distance between closest cation [ +ve ] & anion [ -ve ].
- n = Born exponent, typically a number between 5 and 12, determined experimentally by measuring the compressibility of the solid, or derived theoretically.
- E = Lattice energy is expressed by 'E' .