Consonants |
IPA | امثلة |
b |
buy, cab |
d |
die, cad |
ð |
thy, breathe, father |
dʒ |
giant, badge |
f |
phi, caff |
ɡ (ˈɡ)[1] |
guy, cag |
h |
high, ahead |
j |
yes, hallelujah |
k |
chi, sky, crack |
l |
lie, sly, gal |
m |
my, smile, cam |
n |
nigh, snide, ban |
ŋ |
gang, sink, ringer |
ŋɡ |
finger |
θ |
thigh, math |
p |
pie, spy, cap |
r |
rye, try, very[2] |
s |
sigh, mass |
ʃ |
shy, cash, emotion |
t |
tie, sty, cat |
tʃ |
China, catch |
v |
vie, have |
w |
wye, swine |
hw |
why[3] |
z |
xi, zoo, has |
ʒ |
pleasure, vision, beige[4] |
Marginal consonants |
x |
ugh, loch, Chanukah[5] |
ʔ |
uh-oh /ˈʌʔoʊ/, Hawai‘i /həˈwaɪʔiː/[6] |
|
Vowels |
IPA | Traditional monophthongs | R-colored vowels[7] |
æ |
bat, bad, shall, ban |
ær |
barrow, marry |
ɑː |
balm, father, bra |
ɑr |
bar, mar, party, starring (/ɑːr./) |
ɒ |
bot, pod, John, doll[8] |
ɒr |
moral, forage |
ɔː |
bawd, caught, dawn, ball, straw[9] |
ɔr |
born, for, aural (/ɔːr./) |
oʊ |
code, boat, goal, bone, go[10] |
ɔər |
boar, four, more, oral (/oʊr./)[11] |
ʊ |
good, foot, pull, Sunni |
ʊər |
boor, moor, tourist (/uːr./)[12] |
uː |
food, lute, pool, soon, blue |
ʌ |
bud, but, dull, gun[13] |
ʌr |
hurry, Murray |
ɜr |
bird, myrrh, furry (also /ɝː/)[14] |
ɛ |
bed, pet, bell, men |
ɛr |
berry, merry |
eɪ |
fade, fate, fail, vein, pay |
ɛər |
bear, mare, Mary (/eɪr./) |
ɪ |
bid, pit, bill, bin |
ɪr |
mirror |
iː |
bead, peat, feel, mean, sea |
ɪər |
beer, mere, serious (/iːr./) |
Traditional diphthongs |
aɪ |
ride, write, file, fine, pie |
ɔɪ |
void, exploit, foil, coin, boy |
aʊ |
out, loud, owl, down, how |
juː |
cute, hue, pew, dew[15] |
Reduced vowels |
ə |
Rosa’s, a mission |
ən |
button |
i |
happy, serious[16] |
əm |
rhythm |
ɨ, ɪ |
roses, emission [17] |
əl |
bottle |
ʊ |
beautiful, curriculum ([jʊ])[18] |
ər |
perform, mercer (also /ɚ/)[14] |
ɵ |
following, omission[19] |
|
Stress |
Syllabification |
IPA | أَمْثِلَة |
IPA | أَمْثِلَة |
ˈ |
intonation /ˌɪntɵˈneɪʃən/,[20] battleship /ˈbætəlʃɪp/[21] |
. |
shellfish /ˈʃel.fɪʃ/, selfish /ˈself.ɨʃ/ nitrate /ˈnaɪ.treɪt/, night-rate /ˈnaɪt.reɪt/ moai /ˈmoʊ.aɪ/[22] |
ˌ |
|