foundation

英语

词源

源自拉丁語 fundātiō。

发音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助)：/faʊnˈdeɪʃən/, [faʊ̯nˈdeɪ̯ʃn̩]

• 音頻 (標準英式)：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-eɪʃən

名词

foundation (可數 和 不可數，複數 foundations)

1. 设立，建立

   近義詞： establishment

   反義詞： abolition、dissolution、ruination

   The foundation of his institute has been wrought with difficulty.

   他研究所的设立遇到了重重阻碍。

2. 基础，基底，底座

   近義詞： groundwork、basis

   • 2013年7月20日, “The attack of the MOOCs”, 出自 The Economist, 卷 408, 期 8845:

     Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

3. (比喻義) 基础平台，根基

   近義詞： groundwork、platform、stage

   • 2006, K P Yadav, Economic Planning And Restructuring, Sarup & Sons ISBN 9788176256285, page 44

     The implication is that the Gandhian model of growth is possible, now that Nehru's investment strategy had already laid a strong foundation for economic growth.

5. (建筑学) 地基

   近義詞： base、groundwall

   • 2012年5月20日, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Marge Gets A Job” (season 4, episode 7; originally aired 11/05/1992)”, 出自 The Onion AV Club:

     “Marge Gets A Job” opens with the foundation of the Simpson house tilting perilously to one side, making the family homestead look like the suburban equivalent of the Leaning Tower Of Pisa.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   The foundations of this construction have been laid out.

   这次施工的地基已经打好了。

6. （设立慈善机构等的）基金
7. 基金会

   The Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is the parent organization of the Wiktionary collaborative project.

   维基媒体基金会公司是维基词典协作项目的上层组织。

8. (化妆) 粉底

衍生词汇

• foundational
• foundation degree
• foundationer
• foundation garment
• foundationless
• foundation myth
• foundation stone
• foundationwear
• lay a foundation
• microfoundation

 

延伸阅读

• foundation在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 ^en