Tobacco smoke

established that exposure to tobacco causes death, disease and disability  The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines，TSNA），具有癌变作用，在尼古丁转化为NNK的过程中，吡咯烷的环结构被打开。 Akopyan, Gohar; Bonavida, Benjamin. Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen

Stephanie Mollner. Alan Rodgman, Thomas A. Perfetti: The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke. CRC Press, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4665-1552-9, S. 2033

'environmental' tobacco smoke) causes lung cancer in humans. [...] Involuntary smoking (exposure to secondhand or 'environmental' tobacco smoke) is carcinogenic

Talhout R, Opperhuizen A, van Amsterdam JG: Role of acetaldehyde in tobacco smoke addiction （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007 Oct;17(10):627-36