1906年,為了準備建立奧克拉荷馬州,美國政府肢解了波尼族部落政府和公民機構。1936年的俄克拉荷馬州印第安福利法案(英语:OklahomaIndianWelfareAct)承認了波尼部落,並且建立波尼族商業委員會(Pawnee Business Council)、Nasharo(酋長)委員會,以及部落憲法、附例和特許權。
American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492. Volume 186 of Civilization of the American Indian Series. University of Oklahoma Press
David E. Tenant Farming and Sharecropping. Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Oklahoma Historical Society. [2013-09-16]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-27).
cases, volume 490) U.S. 30 (1989) held that the Indian Child WelfareAct governed the adoption of Indian children, and clarified the jurisdiction of the