1818年,聯盟在恩德萬德韋族首領茲威德的首次突襲「廓可里山戰役(英语:Battle of Gqokli Hill)」下倖存。兩年後,恰卡在姆拉圖澤(英语:MhlatuzeRiver)戰役中摧毀了恩德萬德韋聯盟。恩德萬德韋聯盟的大批殘餘勢力仍然在各處與恩古尼人部落纏鬥,過著流徙的生活,史稱棄土運動(英语:Mfecan
low numbers. The low densities of Tarebia granifera reported for the MhlatuzeRiver, South Africa may have been influenced by nearby sand mining(英语:sand