Electric spark

（原始内容存档于2009-09-11）.  Koller, Frank. Spark: How Old-Fashioned Values Drive a Twenty-First-Century Corporation: Lessons from Lincoln Electric's Unique Guaranteed Employment

（原始内容存档于2022-09-03）.  - Biesbrouck, Tim. Spark Racing Technology releases first concept images of new Formula E car. Electric Autosport. 13 February 2017 [19 February

正電荷載子形成。例如，在水溶液內，電解質會導電，電流內的正價氫離子（質子）朝著某方向流動，負價的硫酸根離子朝著反方向流動。在電花（英语：Electric spark）或電漿內的電流內有電子、正離子、負離子。在半導體內，可以視電流為正值電洞（一個呈電中性的原子，由於少了一個負電的電子，所以那裡就會呈現

High Voltage Engineering. New York: Pergamon. 1984.  Hong,Alice. Electric Field to Produce Spark in Air (Dielectric Breakdown) The Physics factbook. 

for electric cars. Auto123.com. 2011-11-15 [2020-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-28）.  Seabaugh, Christian. First Test: 2014 Chevrolet Spark EV 2LT SparkSS. Motor