黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体

黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体（英語：luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor，缩写LHCGR也作 lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor，LCGR或luteinizing hormone receptor，LHR ）是一种主要出现在卵巢和睾丸的跨膜受体，但在一些性腺外的器官如子宫和乳房也有表达。该受体是G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）的一种，既能与黄体生成素（LH）也能与绒毛膜促性腺激素（如人类的hCG）相互作用，其激活是在繁殖期间的荷尔蒙运作所需的。

黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体
已知的結構 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 7FIG、​7FIH、​7FII、​7FIJ
識別號
别名	LHCGR；, HHG, LCGR, LGR2, LH/CG-R, LH/CGR, LHR, LHRHR, LSH-R, ULG5, Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor
外部ID	OMIM：152790 MGI：96783 HomoloGene：37276 GeneCards：LHCGR
相關疾病
leydig cell hypoplasia, type 1[1]
為以下藥物的標靶
lutropin alfa[2]
基因位置（人类） 染色体 2號染色體[3] 基因座 2p16.3 起始 48,686,774 bp[3] 终止 48,755,730 bp[3]
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠17号染色体[4] 基因座 17 E4|17 58.35 cM 起始 89,023,909 bp[4] 终止 89,099,418 bp[4]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
基因本體 分子功能 • G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity • G protein-coupled receptor activity • choriogonadotropin hormone binding • signal transducer activity • protein-hormone receptor activity • choriogonadotropin hormone receptor activity • follicle-stimulating hormone receptor activity • luteinizing hormone receptor activity 細胞組分 • integral component of membrane • 核内体 • 膜 • integral component of plasma membrane • 细胞膜 生物學過程 • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway • male gonad development • male genitalia development • 認知 • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger • activation of adenylate cyclase activity • positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process • hormone-mediated signaling pathway • cellular response to gonadotropin stimulus • 訊息傳遞 • primary ovarian follicle growth • phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway • follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway • regulation of osteoclast differentiation • luteinizing hormone signaling pathway • positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • cellular response to luteinizing hormone stimulus • adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway • ovulation cycle process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物種	人類	小鼠
Entrez	3973	16867
Ensembl	ENSG00000138039	ENSMUSG00000024107
UniProt	P22888	P30730
mRNA​序列	​NM_000233	NM_013582 ​NM_001364898
蛋白序列	NP_000224	NP_038610 ​NP_001351827
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 2: 48.69 – 48.76 Mb	Chr 17: 89.02 – 89.1 Mb
PubMed​查找	[5]	[6]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類 檢視/編輯小鼠

LHCGR基因

LHCGR位于人类基因组上的2號染色體p21区，接近类似的促卵泡激素受体（FSHR）基因，长约70Kbp（FSHR为54Kpb）^[7]，除了与FSHR相似外，还类似于促甲状腺激素受体（TSHR）。

历史

馬丁·羅德貝爾与艾爾佛列·古曼·吉爾曼因发现G蛋白系统而获得1994年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

相互作用

黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体与GIPC1能进行相互作用^[8]。

参考文献

1. 與黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
2. 對luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
3. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000138039 - Ensembl, May 2017
4. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024107 - Ensembl, May 2017
5. Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
6. Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
7. Simoni M, Gromoll J, Nieschlag E. The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, and pathophysiology. Endocr. Rev. 1997, 18 (6): 739–73. PMID 9408742. doi:10.1210/er.18.6.739.
8. Hirakawa, Takashi; Galet Colette; Kishi Mikiko; Ascoli Mario. GIPC binds to the human lutropin receptor (hLHR) through an unusual PDZ domain binding motif, and it regulates the sorting of the internalized human choriogonadotropin and the density of cell surface hLHR. J. Biol. Chem. (United States). Dec 2003, 278 (49): 49348–57. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 14507927. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306557200.

延伸阅读

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• Dufau ML. The luteinizing hormone receptor.. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1998, 60: 461–96. PMID 9558473. doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.60.1.461.
• Ascoli M, Fanelli F, Segaloff DL. The lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor, a 2002 perspective.. Endocr. Rev. 2002, 23 (2): 141–74. PMID 11943741. doi:10.1210/er.23.2.141.
• Amsterdam A; Hanoch T; Dantes A; et al. Mechanisms of gonadotropin desensitization. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2003, 187 (1–2): 69–74. PMID 11988313. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00701-8.
• Fanelli F, Puett D. Structural aspects of luteinizing hormone receptor: information from molecular modeling and mutagenesis. Endocrine. 2003, 18 (3): 285–93. PMID 12450321. doi:10.1385/ENDO:18:3:285.
• Latronico AC, Segaloff DL. Insights Learned from L457(3.43)R, an Activating Mutant of the Human Lutropin Receptor. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2007,. 260-262: 287–93. PMC 1785107 . PMID 17055147. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.053.
• Nagayama Y; Russo D; Wadsworth HL; et al. Eleven amino acids (Lys-201 to Lys-211) and 9 amino acids (Gly-222 to Leu-230) in the human thyrotropin receptor are involved in ligand binding. J. Biol. Chem. 1991, 266 (23): 14926–30. PMID 1651314.
• Jia XC; Oikawa M; Bo M; et al. Expression of human luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor: interaction with LH and chorionic gonadotropin from human but not equine, rat, and ovine species. Mol. Endocrinol. 1991, 5 (6): 759–68. PMID 1922095. doi:10.1210/mend-5-6-759.
• Minegishi T; Nakamura K; Takakura Y; et al. Cloning and sequencing of human LH/hCG receptor cDNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1990, 172 (3): 1049–54. PMID 2244890. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(90)91552-4.
• Rousseau-Merck MF; Misrahi M; Atger M; et al. Localization of the human luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene (LHCGR) to chromosome 2p21. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 1991, 54 (1–2): 77–9. PMID 2249480. doi:10.1159/000132962.
• Xie YB, Wang H, Segaloff DL. Extracellular domain of lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor expressed in transfected cells binds choriogonadotropin with high affinity. J. Biol. Chem. 1991, 265 (35): 21411–4. PMID 2254302.
• Frazier AL; Robbins LS; Stork PJ; et al. Isolation of TSH and LH/CG receptor cDNAs from human thyroid: regulation by tissue specific splicing. Mol. Endocrinol. 1991, 4 (8): 1264–76. PMID 2293030. doi:10.1210/mend-4-8-1264.
• Keutmann HT; Charlesworth MC; Mason KA; et al. A receptor-binding region in human choriogonadotropin/lutropin beta subunit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1987, 84 (7): 2038–42. PMC 304579 . PMID 3470775. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.7.2038.
• Jiang X, Dreano M, Buckler DR; et al. Structural predictions for the ligand-binding region of glycoprotein hormone receptors and the nature of hormone-receptor interactions. Structure. 1996, 3 (12): 1341–53. PMID 8747461. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00272-6.
• Atger M; Misrahi M; Sar S; et al. Structure of the human luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotropin receptor gene: unusual promoter and 5' non-coding regions. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 1995, 111 (2): 113–23. PMID 7556872. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(95)03557-N.
• Latronico AC; Anasti J; Arnhold IJ; et al. A novel mutation of the luteinizing hormone receptor gene causing male gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1995, 80 (8): 2490–4. PMID 7629248. doi:10.1210/jc.80.8.2490.
• Shenker A; Laue L; Kosugi S; et al. A constitutively activating mutation of the luteinizing hormone receptor in familial male precocious puberty. Nature. 1993, 365 (6447): 652–4. PMID 7692306. doi:10.1038/365652a0.
• Yano K; Saji M; Hidaka A; et al. A new constitutively activating point mutation in the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene in cases of male-limited precocious puberty. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1995, 80 (4): 1162–8. PMID 7714085. doi:10.1210/jc.80.4.1162.
• Kremer H; Kraaij R; Toledo SP; et al. Male pseudohermaphroditism due to a homozygous missense mutation of the luteinizing hormone receptor gene. Nat. Genet. 1995, 9 (2): 160–4. PMID 7719343. doi:10.1038/ng0295-160.
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外部链接

• Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors: LH. IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. （原始内容存档于2021-01-18）.
• GRIS: Glycoprotein-hormone Receptor Information System
• 醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：LH-hCG+Receptors