在中世紀,這些儀器的知識傳播到了歐洲。在13世紀,猶太天文學家雅各布·本·馬赫·伊本·提本(英语:Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon)在進一步發展象限儀方面發揮了至關重要的作用[7]。他是一位經驗豐富的天文學家,寫了幾本關於這個主題的書,其中包括一本有影響力的書,詳細介紹了如何構建和使用改進版的象限儀。他發明的象限儀被稱為「新象限儀(novus quadrans)」[8]。該設備具有革命性,因為它是第一個不涉及多個運動部件的象限儀,因此可以更小、更便於攜帶。
提本的希伯來語手稿被翻譯成拉丁文,幾年後丹麥學者Peter Nightingale(英语:Petrus de Dacia (mathematician))對其進行了改進[9][10]。由於翻譯,提本或拉丁語中的「Prophatius Judaeus」成為天文學中一個有影響力的名字。他的新象限儀基於這樣一個想法,即如果星盤的各個部分被折疊成一個象限,定義平面球面星盤的赤道平面投影仍然可以工作[11]。結果是一種比標準星盤便宜得多、更容易使用、更便攜的設備。提本的作品影響深遠,影響了哥白尼、克里斯托佛·克拉烏和伊拉斯謨·萊因霍爾德(英语:Erasmus Reinhold);他的手稿在但丁的《神曲》中被引用[7]。
Witzel, Michael. Beyond the Flight of the Falcon. Thapar, Romila (编). Which of Us are Aryans?: Rethinking the Concept of Our Origins. Aleph. 2019: 11. ISBN 978-93-88292-38-2. Incidentally, the Indo-Aryan loanwords in Mitanni confirm the date of the Rig Veda for ca. 1200–1000 BCE. The Rig Veda is a late Bronze age text, thus from before 1000 BCE. However, the Mitanni words have a form of Indo-Aryan that is slightly older than that ... Clearly the Rig Veda cannot be older than ca. 1400, and taking into account a period needed for linguistic change, it may not be much older than ca. 1200 BCE.
Fermin, B.; Kastelein, D. Het Zutphense Kwadrant. Archeologisch onderzoek in de gracht van de ringwalburg op de Houtmarkt te Zutphen [The Zutphen Quadrant. Archaeological research in the moat of the ringwalburg on the Houtmarkt in Zutphen]. Zutphen: Zutphense Archaeological Publications 80. 2013. doi:10.17026/dans-xyp-9pzw(荷兰语).
Silke Ackermann & John Cherry. Richard II, John Holland and Three Medieval Quadrants. Annals of Science. 1999, 56 (1): 3–23. doi:10.1080/000337999296508.
Maurice Daumas, Scientific Instruments of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries and Their Makers, Portman Books, London 1989 ISBN978-0-7134-0727-3