艾哈邁德·伊本·法德蘭

艾哈邁德·本·法德蘭·本·阿巴斯·本·拉希德·本·哈馬德（阿拉伯语：أحمد بن فضلان بن العباس بن راشد بن حماد‎；约879–960），通常被稱為艾哈邁德·伊本·法德蘭（阿拉伯语：أحمد بن فضلان‎），是10世紀的阿拉伯的穆斯林旅行家^[a]。他以他的risāla（“記錄”或“日記”）而聞名，這篇作品記錄了他作為阿拔斯王朝的穆克塔迪爾一世的外交成員到伏爾加保加爾王國的旅行的途中見聞^[b]。

他的敘述最著名的是提供了對伏爾加維京人的詳細描述，貿易路線以及維京的船葬^[4]。

伊本·法德蘭的詳細著作被眾多歷史學家引用。他們還激發了娛樂作品的靈感，包括邁克爾克萊頓的小說《食死徒》及其改編的電影《殺戰風雲》^[5]。

[a]
Very little is known about Ibn Fadlan other than what can be inferred from his risāla‎. He is usually assumed to have been ethnically Arab, although there is no positive evidence to this effect.^[1]^[2]^[3]
[b]
The full title is Risālat Ibn Faḍlān, mab‘ūth al-khalīfah al-‘Abbāsī al-Muqtadir ilá bilād Ṣiqālīyah, ‘an riḥlatihi ... fī al-qarn al-‘āshir al-Mīlādī (رسـالـة ابن فـضـلان، مـبـعـوث الـخـلـيـفـة الـعـبـاسـي الـمـقـتـدر إلـى بـلاد الـصـقـالـيـة، عـن رحـلـتـه ... في الـقـرن الـعـاشـر الـمـيـلادي‎) or ma šahidat fi baladi-t-turk wa al-ẖazar wa ar-rus wa aṣ-ṣaqalibat wa al-bašġird wa ġirham ("Account of the lands of the Turks, the Khazars, the Rus, the Saqaliba [i.e. Slavs] and the Bashkirs")

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[1]
Knight 2001，第32–34頁.
[2]
Frye 2005，第8頁.
[3]
Lunde & Stone 2011，第xiii頁.
[4]
Perry 2009: "...left a unique geo-historical and ethnographic record of the northern fringes of 10th-century Eurasia." See also Gabriel 1999，第36–42頁.
[5]
Saudi Aramco World : Among the Norse Tribes: The Remarkable Account of Ibn Fadlan. archive.aramcoworld.com. [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-17）.

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[4] [a]
Very little is known about Ibn Fadlan other than what can be inferred from his risāla‎. He is usually assumed to have been ethnically Arab, although there is no positive evidence to this effect.^[1]^[2]^[3]

[5] [b]
The full title is Risālat Ibn Faḍlān, mab‘ūth al-khalīfah al-‘Abbāsī al-Muqtadir ilá bilād Ṣiqālīyah, ‘an riḥlatihi ... fī al-qarn al-‘āshir al-Mīlādī (رسـالـة ابن فـضـلان، مـبـعـوث الـخـلـيـفـة الـعـبـاسـي الـمـقـتـدر إلـى بـلاد الـصـقـالـيـة، عـن رحـلـتـه ... في الـقـرن الـعـاشـر الـمـيـلادي‎) or ma šahidat fi baladi-t-turk wa al-ẖazar wa ar-rus wa aṣ-ṣaqalibat wa al-bašġird wa ġirham ("Account of the lands of the Turks, the Khazars, the Rus, the Saqaliba [i.e. Slavs] and the Bashkirs")

[FOOTNOTEKnight200132–34-1] [1]
Knight 2001，第32–34頁.

[FOOTNOTEFrye20058-2] [2]
Frye 2005，第8頁.

[FOOTNOTELundeStone2011xiii-3] [3]
Lunde & Stone 2011，第xiii頁.

[6] [4]
Perry 2009: "...left a unique geo-historical and ethnographic record of the northern fringes of 10th-century Eurasia." See also Gabriel 1999，第36–42頁.

[:0-7] [5]
Saudi Aramco World : Among the Norse Tribes: The Remarkable Account of Ibn Fadlan. archive.aramcoworld.com. [2020-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-17）.

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艾哈邁德·伊本·法德蘭

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