黃鼠屬（学名：Spermophilus），哺乳綱、囓齒目、松鼠科的一屬，而與黃鼠屬同科的動物尚有馬尾松鼠屬（馬尾松鼠）、山松鼠屬（巴拿馬山松鼠）、細趾黃鼠屬（細趾黃鼠）、松鼠屬（松鼠）等之數種哺乳動物。
黄鼠属
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| 沙黄鼠（Spermophilus fulvus） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 啮齿目 Rodentia |
| 科： | 松鼠科 Sciuridae |
| 亚科： | 非洲地松鼠亚科 Xerinae |
| 族： | 地松鼠族 Marmotini |
| 属： | 黄鼠属 Spermophilus F. Cuvier, 1825 |
| 異名 | |
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属名更改
本属物种原主要包括分布在北美洲地区啮齿动物，称为美洲黃鼠屬。2005年出版的《世界哺乳动物物种》(第三版)一书中将“黃鼠屬”的拉丁属名更改，原属名 Citellus 经考证为无效学名，改用 Spermophilus。[1]
下属物种
目前全球生物多样性信息网络（GBIF）记录了本属46种：[2]
- Spermophilus bensoni (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cochisei (Gidley, 1922)
- Spermophilus cragini (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus dotti (Hibbard, 1954)
- Spermophilus finlayensis (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus fricki (Hibbard, 1942)
- Spermophilus gidleyi (Merriam et al., 1925)
- Spermophilus howelli (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus matachicensis (Wilson, 1949)
- Spermophilus matthewi (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus mcgheei (Strain, 1966)
- Spermophilus mckayensis (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus meadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus primitivus (Bryant, 1945)
- Spermophilus rexroadensis (Hibbard, 1941)
- Spermophilus ridgwayi Gazin, 1932
- Spermophilus shotwelli (Black, 1963)
- Spermophilus taylori (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus tuitus (Hay, 1921)
- Spermophilus wilsoni (Shotwell, 1956)
- Spermophilus argonautus (Stirton & Goeriz, 1942)
- 阿拉善黄鼠 Spermophilus alashanicus Büchner, 1888
- Spermophilus boothi Hibbard, 1972
- 短尾黄鼠 Spermophilus brevicauda Brandt, 1843
- Spermophilus Spermophilus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Spermophilus cyanocittus Korth, 1997
- 达乌尔黄鼠 Spermophilus dauricus Brandt, 1843
- 赤颊黄鼠 Spermophilus erythrogenys Brandt, 1841
- 沙黄鼠 Spermophilus fulvus (Lichtenstein, 1823)
- Spermophilus jerae Sutton & Korth, 1995
- Spermophilus johnstoni Hibbard, 1972
- Spermophilus lorisrusselli Hibbard, 1976
- 大黄鼠 Spermophilus major (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus meltoni Hibbard, 1972
- 高加索黄鼠 Spermophilus musicus Ménétries, 1832
- 淡尾黄鼠 Spermophilus pallidicauda (Satunin, 1903)
- 小黄鼠 Spermophilus pygmaeus (Pallas, 1778)
- Spermophilus ralli (Kuznetsov, 1948)
- 天山黄鼠 Spermophilus relictus (Kashkarov, 1923)
- Spermophilus russelli Gustafson, 1978
- Spermophilus vorontsovi Simonov, Lopatina, Titov, Ivanova, Brandler, Surin, Matrosova, Dvilis, Oreshkova, Kapustina, Golenishchev & Ermakov, 2024[3]
- Spermophilus superciliosus Kaup, 1839
- 斑点黄鼠 Spermophilus suslicus (Güldenstaedt, 1770)
- Spermophilus taurensis (Gündüz, Jaarola, Tez, Yeniyurt, Polly & Searle, 2007)
- Spermophilus torosensis
- Spermophilus wellingtonensis Kelly, 1997
- Spermophilus xanthoprymnus (Bennett, 1835)
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