Thomas Perls和David J. Handelsman在2015年《美国老年病学会期刊(英语:Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)》的社論中認為,因為診斷本身不容易定義、藥廠推廣睾固酮和人类生长激素的宣傳及廣告,再加上營養補充品公司販售針對各種年長者的營養補充品,相關的症狀其實是過度診斷(英语:overdiagnosed)及過度醫療[99]。Perls和Handelsman指出,「美國睾固酮的銷量由2002年的3.24億美元到2012年的20億美元,睾固酮處方的數量由2007年的一億美元到2012年的五億美元,這些還不包括复合药店、互联网和直接销售給病患的金額。」[99]
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