粪锈伞科（學名：Bolbitiaceae），也稱糞傘科，是担子菌门伞菌目的一個科，於1948年由洛夫·辛格定義[1]。截至2008年共有17個屬，包含287個物種[2]。本科物種的蕈傘表面具有由拟子实层型（hymenoderm）的菌蓋皮。蕈傘形狀為圓形至鐘形，質地脆弱，顏色則白色、淺黃、褐色與棕色皆有，蕈柄一般為細長形，有些基部稍微膨大，某些物種具有內蓋膜。擔孢子為黃棕色、肉桂色或紅褐色，頂部有萌發孔，表面平滑或有飾物。[3]。許多屬的子實體形狀與小菇屬的種類相似。
2002年一篇大規模的種系發生學研究以核糖體大次單元的基因序列分析傘菌目下各類群的親緣關係，結果顯示粪锈伞科與疣孢斑褶菇属、花褶傘屬等斑褶菇亚科（Panaeoloideae）的類群關係較為接近[4]。
下级分类
本科包括以下属：
- 田头菇属 Agrogaster D.A.Reid, 1986
- 糞銹傘屬 Bolbitius Fr.
- 锥盖伞属 Conocybe Fayod, 1889
- Cyphellopus Fayod
- Cyttarophyllopsis R.Heim, 1968
- Descolea Singer, 1952
- Descomyces Bougher & Castellano
- Galerella Earle
- 胄腹菌属 Galeropsis Velen.
- Gastrocybe Watling
- Gymnoglossum Massee, 1891
- 疣孢斑褶菇属 Panaeolina Maire
- 斑褶菇属 Panaeolus (Fr.) Quél., 1872
- Pholiotella Speg.
- Pholiotina Fayod
- Pholiotina alba (Enderle) Hauskn. & Enderle
- Pholiotina altoandina Singer
- Pholiotina arnoldsii Hauskn.
- Pholiotina atrocyanea Esteve-Rav., Hauskn. & Rejos
- Pholiotina blattaria (Fr.) Fayod
- Pholiotina caricicola Singer
- Pholiotina cyanopus (G.F.Atk.) Singer
- Pholiotina cyanopus G.F.Atk.
- Pholiotina dasypus (Romagn.) P.-A.Moreau
- Pholiotina estevei Hauskn., 2011
- Pholiotina flava (Peck) Hauskn., Krisai & Voglmayr
- Pholiotina galerinoides Contu
- Pholiotina glutinosa E.Horak & Hauskn.
- Pholiotina gracilenta (Watling & G.M.Taylor) J.A.Cooper
- Pholiotina indica K.A.Thomas, Hauskn. & Manim.
- Pholiotina longistipitata E.F.Malysheva & Kiyashko
- Pholiotina maireiaffinis Singer
- Pholiotina mediterranea Siquier & Salom
- Pholiotina microspora Singer
- Pholiotina peronata Kühner & Maire ex Singer, 1951
- Pholiotina pilosa E.Horak, Hauskn. & Desjardin
- Pholiotina pleurocystidiata Hauskn. & Krisai
- Pholiotina plumbeitincta (G.F.Atk.) Hauskn., Krisai & Voglmayr
- Pholiotina pseudoampullaceocystis Karich
- Pholiotina resinosocystidiata E.Horak & Hauskn.
- Pholiotina rimosa (Velen.) Hauskn. & Svrček
- Pholiotina rostraticystidiata E.Ludw.
- Pholiotina sphagnicola [5]
- Pholiotina striipes (Cooke) Singer
- Pholiotina sulcata Arnolds & Hauskn.
- Pholiotina teneroides (J.E.Lange) Singer
- Pholiotina veregregia Contu
- Pholiotina vesiculosa E.Horak & Hauskn.
- Pholiotina viscidula Contu
- Pluteolus (Fr.) Gillet, 1876
- Ptychella Roze & Boudier, 1879
- Rhodoarrhenia Singer, 1964
- Setchelliogaster Pouzar
- Timgrovea Bougher & Castellano, 1993
- Tubariella E.Horak & Hausknecht, 2002
- Tubariopsis R.Heim, 1931
- Tympanella E.Horak, 1971
- Wielandomyces J.Raithelhuber, 1988
參考資料
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