科姆斯托克物理獎
来自维基百科，自由的百科全书
科姆斯托克物理獎（Comstock Prize in Physics）由美國國家科學院頒發，旨在表彰「廣義上對電、磁或輻射能的近期創新發現或研究」[1]。
科姆斯托克物理獎獲獎者必須是北美居民。該獎項以賽勒斯·B·康斯托克（Cyrus B. Comstock）命名，自1913年起每五年頒發一次。
歷屆得主
| 年度 | 得主 | 評論 |
|---|---|---|
| 1913 | 羅伯特·密立根 | |
| 1918 | 薩繆爾·傑克遜·巴奈特（Samuel Jackson Barnett） | |
| 1923 | 威廉·杜安 | For his work on "relations of fundamental significance...in their bearings upon modern theories of the structure of matter and on the mechanism of radiation." |
| 1928 | 克林頓·戴維孫 | In recognition of his experimental work demonstrating that under certain conditions, electrons behave as we would expect trains of waves to behave. |
| 1933 | 珀西·布里奇曼 | For his investigations leading to increased understanding of the electrical constitution of matter. |
| 1938 | 歐內斯特·勞倫斯 | |
| 1943 | 唐納德·克斯特（Donald W. Kerst） | For his pioneer work in connection with the development of the betatron and the results which he obtained with this new and powerful scientific tool. |
| 1948 | 梅爾·安東尼·杜武（Merle A.Tuve） | For his pioneering work on the upper atmosphere and his development of the electrical pulse method of study; for his pioneering work in nuclear physics utilizing the electrostatic generator; and for his development of the proximity fuse. |
| 1953 | 威廉·肖克利 | For his pioneering investigations and exposition of electric and magnetic properties of solid materials; in particular for his researches in the conduction of electricity by electrons and holes in semiconductors. |
| 1958 | 查爾斯·湯斯 | |
| 1963 | 吳健雄 | |
| 1968 | 利昂·庫珀、約翰·施里弗 | |
| 1973 | 羅伯特·H·迪克 | |
| 1978 | 小雷蒙德·戴維斯 | |
| 1983 | 特奧多爾·亨施、Peter P. Sorokin | |
| 1988 | 朱經武、吳茂昆 | For discovery of superconductivity in yttrium barium copper oxide and similar compounds above the boiling point of nitrogen -- a major scientific and technological breakthrough. |
| 1993 | 查爾斯·彭斯·斯利克特（Charles P. Slichter） | For his seminal contributions to the development and application of magnetic resonance in condensed matter, including the first experimental proof of pairing correlations in superconductors and fundamental studies in surface science and catalysis. |
| 1993 | 歐文·哈恩（Erwin Hahn） | For his revolutionary discoveries in magnetic resonance and coherent optics, in particular for the Hahn Spin Echo, the Hartman-Hahn Cross-polarization, and self-induced transparency. |
| 1999 | 約翰·克拉克（John Clarke） | For his major contributions to the development of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDS) and their use for scientific measurements, especially involving electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic waves. |
| 2004 | 約翰·巴考爾 | For his many contributions to astrophysics, especially his definitive work on solar models and his crucial role in identifying and resolving the solar neutrino problem. |
| 2009 | 查爾斯·L·本內特 | For his mapping of the cosmic microwave background and determining the universe's age, mass-energy content, geometry, expansion rate, and reionization epoch with unprecedented precision. |
| 2014 | 金秀蘭 | For demonstrating quantum degeneracy and the formation of a molecular Bose‐Einstein condensate in ultra‐cold fermionic atomic gases, and for pioneering work in polar molecular quantum chemistry. |
| 2019 | 米哈爾·利普森（Michal Lipson） | For her pioneering contributions to silicon photonics based on high confinement optical structures including the demonstration of electro-optic modulation in silicon, parametric oscillation, and extreme confinement of light in waveguides. |
| 2024 | Michel Devoret and Robert Schoelkopf | For the experimental development of 'Circuit QED,' realizing non-linear quantum optics in electrical circuits at the single-photon level and enabling new insights into, and control of, macroscopic quantum systems, quantum measurements, quantum information processing and quantum error correction. |
參考資料
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