盲肠(cecum,caecum)古称阑肠,是小肠和大肠交界处连接的盲囊,属大肠的一部分,也是大肠的起始部,形如囊状袋,在人体位于腹腔右下部的腹膜内;盲肠下端为盲端,至迴盲瓣处延续为升结肠,全长约6至8厘米。盲肠見於羊膜動物。
盲肠向上延续为升结肠,下部有一孔通阑尾,同迴腸交接区的内壁有迴盲瓣,有防止大肠内含物倒流的作用。
人体的盲肠退化,作用并不明显,而植食性的动物则有一长袋状盲肠,特别是那些不能反刍以消化纤维素食物的动物。
在漢語中,有些地區的口語誤稱闌尾炎為“盲腸炎”,然而盲腸與闌尾其實是兩個不同的器官,盲腸發炎是罕見的血液腫瘤科疾病化療後遺症[1]。
附圖
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Location of McBurney's point (#1)
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The superior mesenteric artery and its branches.
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Arteries of cecum and vermiform process.
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Inferior ileocecal fossa.
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Interior of the cecum and lower end of ascending colon, showing colic valve.
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Topography of thoracic and abdominal viscera.
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盲肠的直腸鏡影像,前面箭頭部份即為迴盲瓣
参考文献
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