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梣树其学名来自于拉丁语的“矛”，因为当时士兵们作战用的武器长矛的柄是用梣木制作的。在斯堪的纳维亚神话中，世界由一棵梣树支撑着。在希腊神话中，宙斯创造人类之初，人是从梣树里诞生的。
梣树叶子对生，羽状带齿，花有两性，花序锥形，花冠常呈四裂，雄蕊两个，柱头二裂，果实翅形，子叶扁平。
- 北美洲东部
- Fraxinus americana L. – White Ash
- Fraxinus caroliniana Mill. – Carolina Ash
- Fraxinus nigra Marshall – Black Ash
- 美国红梣 Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall
- Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush – Pumpkin Ash
- Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. – Blue Ash
- Fraxinus tremillium – Indigo Ash
- 北美洲西部和西南部
- Fraxinus anomala Torr. ex S.Watson – Singleleaf Ash
- Fraxinus berlandieriana DC. – Mexican Ash
- Fraxinus cuspidata Torr. – Fragrant Ash
- 雙瓣白蠟 Fraxinus dipetala Hook. & Arn. – California Ash or Two-petal Ash
- Fraxinus dubia
- Fraxinus gooddingii – Goodding's Ash
- Fraxinus greggii A.Gray – Gregg's Ash
- Fraxinus latifolia Benth. – Oregon Ash
- Fraxinus lowellii – Lowell Ash
- Fraxinus papillosa Lingelsh. – Chihuahua Ash
- Fraxinus purpusii
- Fraxinus rufescens
- Fraxinus texensis (A.Gray) Sarg. – Texas Ash
- Fraxinus uhdei (Wenz.) Lingelsh. – Shamel Ash or Tropical Ash
- 绒毛白蜡 Fraxinus velutina Torr.
- Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl – Narrow-leafed Ash or Caucasian Ash
- Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa – Claret Ash or Raywood Ash
- Fraxinus dimorpha
- 欧洲白蜡树 Fraxinus excelsior L.
- Fraxinus holotricha Koehne
- Fraxinus ornus L. – Manna Ash or Flowering Ash
- Fraxinus syriaca
- Fraxinus pallisiae Wilmott – Pallis' Ash
- Fraxinus apertisquamifera
- 狭叶梣 Fraxinus baroniana
- 小叶梣 Fraxinus bungeana DC.
- 白蜡树 Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.
- Fraxinus chiisanensis
- 多花梣 Fraxinus floribunda Wall.
- 光腊树 Fraxinus griffithii C.B.Clarke
- 湖北梣 Fraxinus hubeiensis
- 日本梣 Fraxinus japonica – Japanese Ash
- Fraxinus lanuginosa
- Fraxinus longicuspis
- 白枪杆 Fraxinus malacophylla
- 水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr.
- 庐山梣 Fraxinus mariesii
- Fraxinus micrantha Lingelsh.
- 秦岭梣 Fraxinus paxiana Lingelsh.
- 象蜡树 Fraxinus platypoda
- Fraxinus raibocarpa Regel
- Fraxinus sieboldiana Blume – Japanese Flowering Ash
- Fraxinus spaethiana Lingelsh. – Späth's Ash
- Fraxinus trifoliata
- 椒叶梣 Fraxinus xanthoxyloides (G.Don) Wall. ex DC.[4][5]
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