折射率列表

作为物质的特征之一，不同的物质具有不同的折射率，且折射率与光的頻率有关。标准折射率是指光波长为589纳米（即钠原子光谱中的双黄线）条件下测量得到的折射率。

折射率亦与温度、压强或應力、物质组成（例如杂质含量）等有较弱的关联。对于大多数物质来说，通常情况下这些因素导致的折射率变化在1%或更低的数量级。然而，若对精度有所要求，就有必要引用折射率的测量来源。

一般来说，折射率是复数，即包含实数和虚数部分，其中虚数部分表征物质对特定波长的光的吸收强度，因此虚数部分有时也被称为消光系数 $k$ 。折射率的虚数部分有时十分重要，例如可见光在金属中传播的情况中，在描述折射率时必须包含其虚数部分。

更多信息 物质, λ (nm) ...

**一些典型物质的折射率**
物质	λ (nm)	n	来源
真空		1 （定义值）
标准状况下的空气		1.000277
0 °C，1 标准大气压下的气体
地球大气层	589.29	1.000293	^[1]
二氧化碳	589.29	1.001	^[2]^[3]^[4]
氦	589.29	1.000036	^[1]
氢	589.29	1.000132	^[1]
20 °C 的液体
溶于二碘甲烷的三硫化二砷和硫		1.9	^[5]
二硫化碳	589.29	1.628	^[1]
苯	589.29	1.501	^[1]
四氯化碳	589.29	1.461	^[1]
硅油（英语：Silicone oil） (nD²⁵)	589.29	1.393–1.403	^[6]
煤油		1.39
乙醇 (ethyl alcohol)	589.29	1.361	^[1]
丙酮		1.36
水	589.29	1.330	^[1]
10% 葡萄糖水溶液	589.29	1.3477	^[7]
20% 葡萄糖水溶液	589.29	1.3635	^[7]
60% 葡萄糖水溶液	589.29	1.4394	^[7]
室温下的固体
碳化硅（莫桑石）	589.29	2.65	^[8]
二氧化鈦（金红石）	589.29	2.614	^[9]^[10]
钻石	589.29	2.417	^[1]
钛酸锶	589.29	2.41	^[11]
五氧化二钽	589.29	2.15	^[12]
琥珀	589.29	1.55	^[1]
氯化钠	589.29	1.544	^[13]
熔融石英	589.29	1.458	^[1]^[14]
其他物质
液氦		1.025
全氟己烷		1.251	^[15]
冰		1.31
无定型含氟树脂（Teflon AF）		1.315	^[16]^[17]
冰晶石		1.338
Cytop		1.34	^[18]
聚四氟乙烯		1.35–1.38	^[19]
25%食糖溶液		1.3723	^[20]
人角膜		1.373/1.380/1.401	^[21]
人晶状体		1.386–1.406
人肝臟	964	1.369	^[22]
人消化道	964	1.329-1.338	^[23]
乙烯四氟乙烯共聚物（氟塑膜）		1.403	^[24]
聚二甲基矽氧烷		1.4118	^[25]
50%食糖溶液		1.4200	^[20]
聚乳酸		1.46	^[26]
派熱克斯玻璃		1.470	^[27]
植物油		1.47	^[28]
甘油		1.4729
75%食糖溶液		1.4774	^[20]
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯		1.4893–1.4899
石鹽		1.516
玻璃片		1.52	^[29]
冕牌玻璃（纯净）		1.50–1.54
PETg		1.57
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）		1.5750
聚碳酸酯	150	1.60	^[30]
冕牌玻璃（不纯净）		1.485–1.755
燧石玻璃（纯净）		1.60–1.62
溴		1.661
燧石玻璃（不纯净）		1.523–1.925
蓝宝石		1.762–1.778
氮化硼		2-2.14	^[31]
立方氧化鋯		2.15–2.18	^[32]
铌酸钾 (KNbO₃)		2.28
氧化鋅	390	2.4
硃砂 (硫化汞)		3.02
硅	1200 - 8500	3.42–3.48	^[33]
磷化鎵		3.5
砷化鎵		3.927
锗	3000 - 16000	4.05–4.01	^[34]

关闭

Sellmeier等式
眼镜材料性质表（英语：Corrective lens#Ophthalmic material property tables）
水和冰的光学性质（英语：Optical properties of water and ice）

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C. R. Garcia, J. Correa, D. Espalin, J. H. Barton, R. C. Rumpf, R. Wicker, V. Gonzalez, "3D Printing of Anisotropic Metamaterials （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）," PIER Lett, Vol. 34, pp. 75-82, 2012.
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International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Ioffe institute, Russian Federation （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Crystran, United Kingdom （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Jena University, Germany （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Hyperphysics list of refractive indices （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Luxpop: Index of refraction values and photonics calculations （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Kaye and Laby Online Provided by the 英国国家物理实验室
List of Refractive Indices of Solvents

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Morgan, Joseph. Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics. McGraw-Hill Book Company, INC. 1953.

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Hodgman, Charles D. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Co. 1957.

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折射率列表

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折射率列表

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参考资料

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