异极藻科（学名：Gomphonemataceae）为舟形藻目的一个科。
本科包括以下属：[1]
- Afrocymbella K.Krammer, 2003
- Geissleria
- Gomphocymbella O.F.Müller, 1905
- 异楔藻属 Gomphoneis P.T.Cleve, 1894
- Gomphoneis baicalensis
- Gomphoneis baicaliana J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis basiorobusta You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis calcareum Cleve, 1868
- Gomphoneis calcifuga (Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt) A.Tuji, 2005
- Gomphoneis capitata J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis distorta You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis elegans (Grunow) Cleve, 1894
- Gomphoneis eriense (Grunow) Skvortzow, 1928
- Gomphoneis eriensioides M.S.Kulikovskiy, J.P.Kociolek & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis eriensis (Grunow) Skvortzov & Meyer, 1928
- Gomphoneis exigua (Kützing) Medlin
- Gomphoneis fonticola (Hustedt) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis fourtanierae J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis frenguellii Kociolek & Sala, 2017
- Gomphoneis gracilis J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis grandicapitata (Skabitchevsky) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis hastata (Wislouch) Kociolek & Stoermer, 1988
- Gomphoneis hastatoides J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis herculeana (Ehrenberg) Cleve, 1894
- Gomphoneis heterominuta Mayama & Kawashima, 2002
- Gomphoneis impressa M.S.Kulikovskiy, J.P.Kociolek & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis inconspicua J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis lange-bertalotii J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis lata (Skabichevskij) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis linearis Kociolek & Stoermer, 1986
- Gomphoneis magna Kociolek & Stoermer, 1990
- Gomphoneis mammilla (Ehremberg) Cleve, 1894
- Gomphoneis marvanii (E.Reichardt) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis mesta S.I.Passy-Tolar & R.L.Lowe, 1994
- Gomphoneis metzeltinii J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis minuscula J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis minuta (Stone) Kociolek & Stoermer, 1988
- Gomphoneis montana Bahls, 2017
- Gomphoneis oblonga (Li & Shi) Q.You, J.P.Kociolek & Q.Wang, 2013
- Gomphoneis ohridana Z.Levkov, 2007
- Gomphoneis okunoi A.Tuji, 2005
- Gomphoneis olivacea (Hornemann) P.Dawson ex R.Ross & P.A.Sims, 1978
- Gomphoneis olivaceoides (Hustedt) J.R.Carter, 1981
- Gomphoneis olivaceolacua (Lange-Bertalot & E.Reichardt) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis olivaceum (Lyngbye) Cleve ex Dawson, 1974
- Gomphoneis oreophila Stancheva & Kociolek, 2016
- Gomphoneis parahastata M.S.Kulikovskiy & J.P.Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis patagoniana Kociolek & Sala, 2017
- Gomphoneis perolivaceoides (Levkov) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis platypus Kociolek & Stoermer, 1990
- Gomphoneis potapovae J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis prespanensis Z.Levkov, D.Metzeltin & S.Krstic, 2007
- Gomphoneis pseudookunoi A.Tuji, 2005
- Gomphoneis pseudosubtiloides You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis qii You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis quadripunctata (Østrup) P.Dawson ex R.Ross & P.A.Sims, 1978
- Gomphoneis reichardtii J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis rhombica (Fricke) Merino, García, Hernández-Mariné & Fernández, 1994
- Gomphoneis rostrata (Tempère & Peragallo) Kociolek & Stoermer, 1988
- Gomphoneis rostratoides You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis rotundata M.S.Kulikovskiy & J.P.Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis russica J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis septa (F.Moghadam) Kociolek, Stoermer & Bahls, 1986
- Gomphoneis skabitchevskii J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis stauroneiformis (Grunow) Q.You, J.P.Kociolek & Q.Wang, 2013
- Gomphoneis stoermeri You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis strelnikovae J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis subcapitata J.P.Kociolek, M.S.Kulikovskiy & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis subherculeana Kociolek & Stoermer, 1988
- Gomphoneis subolivacea (Levkov & Nakov) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis subrussica J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis subtiloides You & Kociolek, 2013
- Gomphoneis tegelensis R.Jahn & N.Abarca, 2018
- Gomphoneis tetrastigmatum (Horikawa & Okuno) Ohtsuka, 2002
- Gomphoneis transsilvanica (Pantocsek) Krammer, 1985
- Gomphoneis trullata Kociolek & Stoermer, 1986
- Gomphoneis tumida (Skvortzow) Kociolek & Stoermer, 1988
- Gomphoneis tumidioides M.S.Kulikovskiy, J.P.Kociolek & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis variostigmata (E.Reichardt) J.P.Kociolek & M.S.Kulikovskiy, 2013
- Gomphoneis witkowskii M.S.Kulikovskiy, J.P.Kociolek & C.N.Solak, 2013
- Gomphoneis xinjiangiana You & Kociolek, 2013
- 异极藻属 Gomphonema C.G.Ehrenberg, 1832
- Gomphopleura H.Reichelt ex Tempère, 1894
- Gomphosinica Kociolek, You, X.Wang & Q.Liu, 2015
- Reimeria J.P.Kociolek & E.F.Stoermer, 1987
- Reimeria asiatica M.S.Kulikovskiy, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2012
- Reimeria baicalensis M.S.Kulikovskiy, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2012
- Reimeria cuneatiformis M.S.Kulikovskiy, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2012
- Reimeria fontinalis Levkov & Ector, 2010
- Reimeria lacus-idahoensis Kociolek & Stoermer, 1987
- Reimeria pseudoencyonema M.S.Kulikovskiy, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2012
- Reimeria sinuata (Gregory) Kociolek & Stoermer, 1987
- Reimeria uniseriata S.E.Sala, J.M.Guerrero & M.E.Ferrario, 1993
