主体性(英語:Subjectivity),又译主观性,在哲學語境中與意識能動性人格心靈哲學、現實和真理的觀念有關。

定义

由於主觀性通常不是哲學話語的焦點,因此不同的來源給出了各種模糊的定義。[1] 然而,它與意識能動性人格心靈哲學、現實和真理的觀念有關。三個常見的定義包括主觀性是以下各項的品質或條件:

主觀性的不同定義經常一起使用並互換使用。[1]術語最常用於解釋影響、告知和偏向人們對真相或現實的判斷的因素;它是對特定主題的外部現象的看法、經驗、期望、個人或文化性理解和信念的集合。[4]

主體性或主觀性的核心在於獨特的自我定位行為。在這裡,每一個主體都是一個絕對自主的點,所以它不能被簡化為因果網絡中的一個時刻。[5]

延伸阅读

  • [俄]伊万诺娃,《哲学知识的主观性问题》
  • Beiser, Frederick C. (2002). German Idealism: The Struggle Against Subjectivism, 1781–1801. Harvard University Press.
  • Block, Ned; Flanagan, Owen J.; & Gzeldere, Gven (Eds.) The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-52210-6
  • Bowie, Andrew (1990). Aesthetics and Subjectivity : From Kant to Nietzsche. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Dallmayr, Winfried Reinhard (1981). Twilight of Subjectivity: Contributions to a Post-Individualist Theory Politics. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
  • Ellis, C. & Flaherty, M. (1992). Investigating Subjectivity: Research on Lived Experience. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. ISBN 978-0-8039-4496-1
  • Farrell, Frank B. (1994). Subjectivity, Realism, and Postmodernism: The Recovery of the World in Recent Philosophy. Cambridge - New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaukroger, Stephen. (2012). Objectivity. Oxford University Press.
  • Johnson, Daniel. On Truth As Subjectivity In Kierkegaard's Concluding Unscientific Postscript. Quodlibet Journal. July 2003, 5 (2–3) [2023-04-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-06-24).
  • Lauer, Quentin (1958). The Triumph of Subjectivity: An Introduction to Transcendental Phenomenology. Fordham University Press.

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参考文献

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