User:PhiLiP/泰国鸟类列表
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在泰国的野外,共记录有982种鸟类存在。其中3种为特有种,1种由人类引入,45种稀有或罕见。7种已在泰国绝灭的不包含在上述数字中,另有49种为全球性受威胁鸟种。[1]下表中的属、种依照Clements(英语:James Clements)(2000)的顺序;[2]例外的位置会加以指出;表中列出的物种来自Robson(2004),在泰国的状况参考自Lekagul和Round(1991)。没有指出状况的物种为留鸟或非稀有的不完全留鸟。[3][4]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Oriental_White_Eye_I-_Himachal-_IMG_3993.jpg/640px-Oriental_White_Eye_I-_Himachal-_IMG_3993.jpg)
据1991年的估计,泰国的留鸟数量有159种;受威胁或易受威胁的候鸟数量有23种,这些威胁主要来自于森林砍伐、非法采伐、盗猎以及栖息地退化(特别是在低地地区)。这些物种中最受影响的为大型水鸟和森林鸟种,前者的湿地栖息地受农业影响大为减少,后者的森林也因农业毁林而消失或退化为林地。[4]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thailandsand_Laem_Pak_Bia.jpg/640px-Thailandsand_Laem_Pak_Bia.jpg)
The birds of Thailand are mainly typical of the Indomalaya ecozone, with affinities to the Indian subcontinent to the west, and, particularly in the southern Peninsular region, with the Sundaic fauna to the southeast. The northern mountains are outliers of the Tibetan Plateau, with many species of montane birds, and in winter the avifauna is augmented by migrants from the eastern Palearctic and Himalayas. The Java Sparrow has been introduced by man, and the Cattle Egret has naturally colonised.[4]
Thailand's habitats are contiguous with those of neighbouring countries, so it has few endemic birds. Perhaps the most intriguing is the White-eyed River Martin, known only from its single wintering site in Thailand, but is now probably extinct.[6][7]