鄂图曼叙利亚(英语:Ottoman Syria) 亞述 (羅馬行省) 罗马叙利亚总督列表(英语:Roman governors ofSyria) Sicker, Martin. Between Rome and Jerusalem: 300 Years of Roman-Judaean Relations
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Maaloula, Hama, Syria Western Neo-Aramaic General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Archive.is的存檔,存档日期2013-01-12. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)