鍾琴堡戰役(法語:Bataille de Fort Carillon)或稱1758年提康德羅加戰役[4]發生於1758年7月8日,是英法北美戰爭中的一場戰役(是七年戰爭中的一個戰區)。這場戰役發生於鍾琴堡附近尚普蘭湖的湖岸邊,該地位於英國殖民地纽约和法國殖民地新法蘭西的邊境地帶。
此戰發生於距離堡壘約一公里的地區,一支約3,600人的法国部隊在蒙卡爾姆侯爵和萊維斯騎士的指揮下,擊敗了一支在數量上佔盡優勢的英國部隊。英軍指揮官阿伯克龍比在不使用野戰砲的情況下,正面攻擊法軍堅固的防線,這個錯誤導致英軍變得極爲脆弱,讓法國取得了完全的勝利。 這場戰鬥是七年戰爭北美戰場中最血腥的戰鬥,雙方有超過3,000人傷亡。法軍約損失400人, 而英軍損失超過2,000人。[5]
美國歷史學家勞倫斯·吉普森對阿伯克龍比的行動評價為:「從沒有任何一場發生於美國領土的戰役,比這場戰役更涉及到責任者的判斷錯誤」。[6] 許多軍事史學家將鍾琴堡戰役視為戰術無能的典型。[7] 阿伯克龍比對速勝充滿信心,忽視了數個可行的選擇,如對法軍的胸牆進行側翼機動,等待砲兵抵達或圍攻保壘。但他反而倚靠一位年輕的軍事工程師有缺陷的報告,並忽視了工程師的建議,他決定在沒有火砲的情況下,對法軍堅固的陣地發動正面進攻。蒙卡爾姆此時雖擔心陣地的防禦不足,但依然全心抵禦。
這座堡壘在次年被守軍放棄,並被英軍佔領,自此以後以提康德罗加堡為名。此場戰鬥使這個堡壘有堅不可摧的名聲,對該區域未來的軍事行動有深遠影響。在英法北美戰爭和美國獨立戰爭中,此區域都有過數場交戰,但此場戰鬥是唯一一場主要戰場位於堡壘附近的。
Nester (2008), pp. 162–164 lists a variety of historically critical sources, and also rebuts a number of attempted defenses of Abercrombie.
- Anderson, Fred. The War that made America. New York: Viking. 2005. ISBN 0-670-03454-1.
- Anderson, Fred. Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766. New York: Vintage Books. 2000. ISBN 978-0-375-70636-3. OCLC 253943947.
- Chartrand, René. Ticonderoga 1758: Montcalm's Victory Against All Odds. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. 2000. ISBN 1-84176-093-5.
- Fraser, Alistair B. The Flags of Canada: Quebec. 1998 [2009-05-10]. (原始内容存档于1 April 2009).
- Furneaux, Rupert. The Battle of Saratoga. New York: Stein and Day. 1971. ISBN 0-8128-1305-7. OCLC 134959.
- Grossman, Mark. World Military Leaders: A Biographical Dictionary. Infobase Publishing. 1 January 2007 [26 July 2015]. ISBN 978-0-8160-7477-8. (原始内容存档于2022-03-15).
- Gipson, Lawrence Henry. The British Empire before the American Revolution, Volume 7. New York: Knopf. 1965. OCLC 399957.
- Holden, James Austin; Wickes, Frank B. The Campaign of 1758: New Historical Light on the Real Burial Place of George Augustus Lord Viscount Howe. Albany, New York: New York State Historical Association. 1911. OCLC 66271728. This work includes a printing of Abercrombie's dispatch describing the battle.
- Kingsford, William. The History of Canada, Volume 4. Toronto: Roswell & Hutchinson. 1890. OCLC 3676642.
- Lonergan, Carroll Vincent. Ticonderoga, Historic Portgage. Ticonderoga, New York: Fort Mount Hope Society Press. 1959. OCLC 2000876.
- Mante, Thomas. The History Of The Late War In North America And The Islands Of The West Indies: Including the Campaigns of 1763 to 1764 Against His Majesty's Indian Enemies. Kessinger. 2005 [1772] [2022-03-12]. ISBN 978-1-4191-7814-6. (原始内容存档于2015-10-29).
- Nester, William. The Epic Battles of the Ticonderoga, 1758. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7914-7321-4. OCLC 105469157. (原始内容存档于2007-10-06).
- Parkman, Francis. France and England in North America: A Series of Historical Narratives, Volume 2. Boston: Little, Brown. 1884. OCLC 2886071.
- Stewart, David. Sketches of the Character, Manners and Present State of the Highlanders of Scotland; with details of The Military Service of The Highland Regiments, Volume 1 3rd. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable. 1825. OCLC 1296777.
- National Flags and Emblems of Quebec. Government of Québec. [2009-02-26]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-11).