鈉（原子量：22.98976928(2)）共有22個已知同位素，質量數介於18-37之間，其中只有1個是穩定的，其他都具有放射性，因此鈉屬於單一同位素元素。天然存在的鈉同位素有3個，分別是穩定的23Na和具放射性的22Na及24Na，其中23Na占天然鈉的絕大部分，而22Na和24Na在自然界中僅痕量存在，為宇宙射線散裂所產生。其他放射性同位素都不出現在自然界中，只有在實驗室製造出來過，且半衰期都極短，非常不穩定。
事实速览 同位素, 衰變 ...
主要的鈉同位素|
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| 標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) | - 7001229897692800000♠22.98976928(2)[1]
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关闭
更多信息 符號, Z ...
| 符號
|
Z
|
N
|
同位素質量（u）
[n 1][n 2]
|
半衰期
[n 1][n 2]
|
衰變
方式[2]
|
衰變
產物
[n 3]
|
原子核
自旋[n 1]
|
相對豐度
（莫耳分率）
|
18
Na
|
11
|
7
|
7001180259700000000♠18.02597(5)
|
6979129999999999999♠1.3(4)×10−21 s
|
p (>99.9%)
|
17Ne
|
(1−)#
|
|
| β+ (<.1%)
|
18Ne
|
19
Na
|
11
|
8
|
7001190138770000000♠19.013877(13)
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<40 ns
|
p
|
18Ne
|
(5/2+)#
|
|
20
Na
|
11
|
9
|
7001200073510000000♠20.007351(7)
|
447.9(23) ms
|
β+ (75%)
|
20Ne
|
2+
|
|
| β+, α (25%)
|
16O
|
21
Na
|
11
|
10
|
7001209976552000000♠20.9976552(8)
|
22.49(4) s
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β+
|
21Ne
|
3/2+
|
|
22
Na
|
11
|
11
|
7001219944364000000♠21.9944364(4)
|
2.6027(10) y
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β+
|
22Ne
|
3+
|
痕量[n 4]
|
22m
Na
|
583.03(9) keV
|
244(6) ns
|
|
|
1+
|
|
23
Na
|
11
|
12
|
7001229897692809000♠22.9897692809(29)
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稳定
|
3/2+
|
7000100000000000000♠1.0000
|
24
Na
|
11
|
13
|
7001239909627800000♠23.99096278(8)
|
7004538524000000000♠14.9590(12) h
|
β−
|
24Mg
|
4+
|
痕量[n 4]
|
24m
Na
|
472.207(9) keV
|
20.20(7) ms
|
IT (99.95%)
|
24Na
|
1+
|
|
| β− (.05%)
|
24Mg
|
25
Na
|
11
|
14
|
7001249899540000000♠24.9899540(13)
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59.1(6) s
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β−
|
25Mg
|
5/2+
|
|
26
Na
|
11
|
15
|
7001259926330000000♠25.992633(6)
|
1.077(5) s
|
β−
|
26Mg
|
3+
|
|
27
Na
|
11
|
16
|
7001269940770000000♠26.994077(4)
|
301(6) ms
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β− (99.87%)
|
27Mg
|
5/2+
|
|
| β−, n (.13%)
|
26Mg
|
28
Na
|
11
|
17
|
7001279989380000000♠27.998938(14)
|
30.5(4) ms
|
β− (99.421%)
|
28Mg
|
1+
|
|
| β−, n (.579%)
|
27Mg
|
29
Na
|
11
|
18
|
7001290028610000000♠29.002861(14)
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44.9(12) ms
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β− (74.09%)
|
29Mg
|
3/2(+#)
|
|
| β−, n (25.91%)
|
28Mg
|
30
Na
|
11
|
19
|
7001300089760000000♠30.008976(27)
|
48.4(17) ms
|
β− (68.83%)
|
30Mg
|
2+
|
|
| β−, n (30.0%)
|
29Mg
|
| β−, 2n (1.17%)
|
28Mg
|
| β−, α
|
26Ne
|
31
Na
|
11
|
20
|
7001310135900000000♠31.01359(23)
|
17.0(4) ms
|
β− (62.05%)
|
31Mg
|
(3/2+)
|
|
| β−, n
|
30Mg
|
| β−, 2n
|
29Mg
|
| β−, 3n
|
28Mg
|
32
Na
|
11
|
21
|
7001320204700000000♠32.02047(38)
|
12.9(7) ms
|
β−
|
32Mg
|
(3−,4−)
|
|
| β−, n
|
31Mg
|
| β−, 2n
|
30Mg
|
33
Na
|
11
|
22
|
7001330267200000000♠33.02672(94)
|
8.2(2) ms
|
β−, n (52.0%)
|
32Mg
|
3/2+#
|
|
| β− (36.0%)
|
33Mg
|
| β−, 2n (12.0%)
|
31Mg
|
34
Na
|
11
|
23
|
7001340351700000000♠34.03517(96)#
|
5.5(10) ms
|
β−, 2n (50.0%)
|
32Mg
|
1+
|
|
| β− (35.0%)
|
34Mg
|
| β−, n (15.0%)
|
33Mg
|
35
Na
|
11
|
24
|
7001350424900000000♠35.04249(102)#
|
1.5(5) ms
|
β− (>99.9%)
|
35Mg
|
3/2+#
|
|
| β−, n (<.1%)
|
34Mg
|
37
Na
|
11
|
26
|
37.05934(103)#
|
1# ms [>1.5 µs]
|
|
|
3/2+#
|
|
关闭
畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
