舞毒蛾(學名:Lymantria dispar)是裳蛾科毒蛾屬下的一種蛾,其下有數個亞種,分佈於歐亞非及美洲等各大洲。國際自然保護聯盟物種存續委員會的入侵物種專家小組(ISSG)將牠列為世界百大外來入侵種。根據一份2011年的調查報告,舞毒蛾已成為目前美國東岸地區最具破壞性的昆蟲物種之一。牠和其他食葉性的外來害蟲物種,估計共造成美國境內每年約8億6千8百萬美元的經濟損失[1]。
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gypsy_moth_spread_1900-2007.gif/320px-Gypsy_moth_spread_1900-2007.gif)
亞種
北美舞毒蛾和歐洲舞毒蛾實際上是相同物種,[2]:6 後者在1869年引入美國、1912年引入加拿大。
語源學
Lymantria dispar的種加詞來自拉丁語,意味“分開”,用來指該種不同性別間的差異。[5]:9
該種蛾的分類還不完全確定,例如美國農業部將亞洲舞毒蛾定義為“舞毒蛾的任意雌性有飛行能力的生物型”[注 1][2]:5——雖然亞洲舞毒蛾並不是唯一的雌性可飛行的亞種。[2]:6
原文注解
- any biotype of Lymantria dispar possessing female flight capability
參考文獻
- Aukema, Juliann E.; Leung, Brian; Kovacs, Kent; Chivers, Corey; Britton, Kerry O.; Englin, Jeffrey; Frankel, Susan J.; Haight, Robert G.; Holmes, Thomas P.; Liebhold, Andrew M.; McCullough, Deborah G.; Von Holle, Betsy; Gratwicke, Brian. Gratwicke, Brian , 编. Economic Impacts of Non-Native Forest Insects in the Continental United States. PLoS ONE. September 9, 2011, 6 (9): e24587 [September 8, 2012]. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...624587A. PMC 3170362
. PMID 21931766. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024587. (原始内容存档于2014-03-10). 简明摘要 – Journalist's Resource (September 15, 2011).
- Pogue, Michael. A review of selected species of Lymantria Huber [1819] (PDF). Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team. [September 14, 2012]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-03-12).
- Asian Gypsy Moth Lymantria dispar asiatica. Pest Tracker National Agricultural Pest Information System. [September 14, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-16).
- The Gypsy Moth: Research Toward Integrated Pest Management, United States Department of Agriculture, 1981
外部連結
- asiangypsymoth.org
- Asian Gypsy Moth - Gallery of Pests (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Gypsy moth in Morocco
- About Entomophaga maimaiga
- Species Profile- European Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for European Gypsy Moth.
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