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脊鳥蛤亞科（學名：Fraginae），又名心形鳥尾蛤亞科[1]，是鳥蛤目鳥蛤科之下的一個亞科。
本亞科物種是一個種型態多樣化，但分佈於世界各地的小型海洋雙殼綱軟體動物，棲息於淺海的海床[2]。部分物種與蟲黃藻共生[2]。
本亞科下領11個屬[3]：
- Americardia Stewart, 1930
- Apiocardia Olsson, 1961
- 心鸟蛤属 Corculum Röding, 1798
- 栉鸟蛤属 Ctenocardia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1857
- 脊鳥蛤屬 Fragum Röding, 1798
- Lunulicardia J. E. Gray, 1853
- Microfragum Habe, 1951
- Papillicardium Sacco, 1899
- Parvicardium Monterosato, 1884
- Plagiocardium Cossmann, 1886 †
- Trigoniocardia Dall, 1900
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