绿背党（英語：Greenback Party），亦称独立党（英語：Independent Party）、国家独立党（英語：National Independent Party）和绿背劳动党（英語：Greenback Labor Party），是美国的一个活跃于1874年至1889年的反垄断主义政党。该党曾参加过1876年、1880年和1884年的总统选举。
绿背党的命名来源于美国在南北战争期间发行的“绿钞”。[1]该党反对通货紧缩，支持通货膨胀。由于他们的政策能降低债务人的偿债代价，减少了农民的负担。绿背党得到了美国东部多个城市的劳工、债务人和农民的支持。[2]除此之外，绿背党还支持八小时工作制，要求工厂设立安全规定并禁止雇佣童工[3]。
1889年，绿背党正式解散，该党解散后，新成立的人民党（People's Party）崛起，成为新的左翼第三党。
Kleppner. The Greenback and Prohibition Parties. : 1553.
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- Campbell, Alexander. The True Greenback: Or the Way to Pay the National Debt Without Taxes, and Emancipate Labor. Chicago. 1868.
- Cooper, Peter. The Nomination to the Presidency of Peter Cooper and his Address to the Indianapolis Convention of the National Independent Party. New York: Peter Cooper/Trow's Printing and Bookbinding. 1876.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. A History of the Greenbacks: With Special Reference to the Economic Consequences of Their Issue, 1862-65. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1903.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. Gold, Prices, and Wages under the Greenback Standard. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1908.
- Ritter, Gretchen. Goldbugs and Greenbacks: The Antimonopoly Tradition and the Politics of Finance in America. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1997.
- Usher, Ellis B. The Greenback Movement of 1875-1884 and Wisconsin's Part In It. Milwaukee: E. B. Usher. 1911 [2013-09-25].
