维基百科的关注度

关注度（英語：Notability）是在线百科全书维基百科使用的一个术语，是确定某主题能否成为百科全书条目的编辑制度。^[1]从总体上说，关注度试图考察独立于主题之可靠二次文献的有效介绍（significant coverage）^[2]，来评估主题是否得到了“世界范围的关注”^[1]或具备“持久的关注度”^[1]。

争议

维基百科的关注度曾經鬧出過不少的笑話。2018年5月，英文維基曾經以缺乏獨立來源證實其關注度為由，拒絕將加拿大女性物理学家唐娜·斯特里克兰的草稿轉為正式的條目。唐娜·斯特里克兰在同年11月獲頒發诺贝尔物理学奖。事件後來獲傳媒所報導，亦印證了科学领域中的女性沒有男性那麼注目^[3]^[4]。

将关注度标准贯彻于维基百科的尝试导致了频繁的争议，特别是对于那些所受关注较小且纸本百科全书未有收录的主题。对此，维基百科社群在关注度上产生了两派不同的意见，分别被称为“保留主义”和“删除主义”。在英语维基百科，有一群编辑曾以网络漫画的大部分主题都缺少关注度为由，同意删除大量的网络漫画条目。这引起了一些漫画家的负面反响，他们指责这些编辑是“伪装成谦虚编辑的为所欲为的小独裁者”。^[5]^[6]

2007年，蒂莫西·诺厄（英语：Timothy Noah）曾因他的条目受到关注度删除威胁，而在《Slate》杂志上发表了多篇与之相关的文章。他总结说：“维基百科的关注度政策类似于美国在9/11之前的移民政策：严格的规定、参差不齐的执法。”^[7]^[8]戴维·西格尔（David Segal）在《华盛顿邮报》上评论说：“维基式的关注度正在悄悄成为新的数字鸿沟，它将那些自认为受关注的人排除在由一群匿名极客正式认定具备关注度的人之外。”^[9]^[10]

参考文献

[1]
关注度. 维基媒体基金会. [2010-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-16）.
[2]
Kathryn Tabb,. Authority and Authorship in a 21st-Century Encyclopaedia and a ‘Very Mysterious Foundation’ (PDF). eSharp (University of Glasgow). [2010-04-15]. ISSN 1742-4542. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2019-09-02）.
[3]
Corinne Purtill; Zoë Schlanger. Wikipedia had rejected Nobel Prize winner Donna Strickland because she wasn't famous enough. Quartz. October 2, 2018 [November 20, 2018]. （原始内容存档于October 25, 2018）（英语）.
[4]
Resnick, Brian. The 2018 Nobel Prize reminds us that women scientists too often go unrecognized. Vox. October 3, 2018 [October 3, 2018]. （原始内容存档于October 25, 2018）.
[5]
原文：“Wannabe tin-pot dictators masquerading as humble editors.”
[6]
Nicholson Baker, New York Review of Books, 20 March 2008, The Charms of Wikipedia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
[7]
原文：“Wikipedia's notability policy resembles U.S. immigration policy before 9/11: stringent rules, spotty enforcement.”
[8]
Timothy Noah, Slate, 24 February 2007, Evicted From Wikipedia:Why the online encyclopedia won't let just anyone in （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[9]
原文：“Wiki-worthiness has quietly become a new digital divide, separating those who think they are notable from those granted the imprimatur of notability by a horde of anonymous geeks.”
[10]
Segal, David. Look Me Up Under N For Nobody; On Wikipedia, Deletion Looms For the Patently Non-Notable. The Washington Post (The Washington Post Company). 2006-12-03: D01.

外部链接

"More on Wikability （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）"，Timothy Noah在Slate.com发表的一篇评论文章，发表于2007年3月1日

[WikipediaNotability-1] [1]
关注度. 维基媒体基金会. [2010-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-16）.

[tabb-2] [2]
Kathryn Tabb,. Authority and Authorship in a 21st-Century Encyclopaedia and a ‘Very Mysterious Foundation’ (PDF). eSharp (University of Glasgow). [2010-04-15]. ISSN 1742-4542. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2019-09-02）.

[3] [3]
Corinne Purtill; Zoë Schlanger. Wikipedia had rejected Nobel Prize winner Donna Strickland because she wasn't famous enough. Quartz. October 2, 2018 [November 20, 2018]. （原始内容存档于October 25, 2018）（英语）.

[4] [4]
Resnick, Brian. The 2018 Nobel Prize reminds us that women scientists too often go unrecognized. Vox. October 3, 2018 [October 3, 2018]. （原始内容存档于October 25, 2018）.

[5] [5]
原文：“Wannabe tin-pot dictators masquerading as humble editors.”

[baker200308-6] [6]
Nicholson Baker, New York Review of Books, 20 March 2008, The Charms of Wikipedia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

[7] [7]
原文：“Wikipedia's notability policy resembles U.S. immigration policy before 9/11: stringent rules, spotty enforcement.”

[noah240207-8] [8]
Timothy Noah, Slate, 24 February 2007, Evicted From Wikipedia:Why the online encyclopedia won't let just anyone in （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[9] [9]
原文：“Wiki-worthiness has quietly become a new digital divide, separating those who think they are notable from those granted the imprimatur of notability by a horde of anonymous geeks.”

[Segal-10] [10]
Segal, David. Look Me Up Under N For Nobody; On Wikipedia, Deletion Looms For the Patently Non-Notable. The Washington Post (The Washington Post Company). 2006-12-03: D01.

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