29.3774°N 47.9714°E / 29.3774; 47.9714
科威特中央银行(阿拉伯语:بنك الكويت المركزي;英語:Central Bank of Kuwait,简称CBK),是科威特国之中央银行,其设立於1969年[3],总部位于首都科威特市[1]。其不仅负责科威特第纳尔的专权发行,还负责与科威特证券交易所(KSE)、科威特工商部、科威特财政部一齐负责监管证券市场[7]。
在1961年科威特宣布独立的前一年,科威特已经从英国手里先后接管了司法权与货币管理权。同年科威特埃米尔发布《1960年第41号埃米尔令》(Amiri Decree No. 41 of 1960),设立科威特货币委员会行使货币发行职能。但是科威特货币委员会的职能仅限于发行纸币和硬币,不像真正的央行一样拥有广泛的职权。因此在科威特独立后,也伴随着国际经济环境的日益变化,到了1968年科威特埃米尔又发布了《1968年第32号法案》[8],设立科威特中央银行取代原货币委员会,正式成为一个行使央行职能的机构[9],同年4月1日,科威特中央银行开始运作[2]。
在2003年科威特为加强打击恐怖主义融资的力度,在央行辖下设立了金融情报组(英語:Financial Intelligence Unit,简称FIU)[10]。2008年3月13日,科威特中央银行决定兴建新总部大楼,中国央企中建三局二公司中标该工程,总金额4.06亿美元(约合人民币30亿元)[11]。
2011年8月科威特国民议会爆出腐败事件,反对派议员穆萨拉姆·巴拉克以此为由要求行长萨利姆·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·萨巴赫下台[12]。翌年2012年3月,已任职二十六年之久的行长萨利姆·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·萨巴赫因反对政府常年过度支出的财政政策,向首相正式辞职[13][14]。而穆罕默德·哈希勒接替其就任新行长[15]。
科威特中央银行根据科威特国《1968年第32号法案》(Law No. 32 of 1968)之规定[8],其职能包括[16][17]:
- 发行国家货币科威特第纳尔,以及代表科威特国参与国际金融事务;
- 维持科威特第纳尔之价值稳定,并确保其可以自由兑换;
- 实施合宜的信贷政策,以促进社会经济之增长;
- 促进国民收入之增长;
- 管控国家的银行体系;
- 担任政府的经济事务顾问;
科威特中央银行以董事会为最高决策部门,其成员有八人,行长为当然主席,其他成员包括副行长、科威特工商部副部长、科威特财政部副部长,及四位专业雇员[18]。董事会以下,行长与副行长俱为执行官,下辖各部门。[19]
注:
更多信息 科威特中央银行历任行长[20], 任次 ...
科威特中央银行历任行长[20]
|
任次 |
名字 |
上任时间 |
卸任时间
|
1 |
哈姆扎·侯赛因 Hamza A. Hussein
|
1973年9月12日 |
1983年9月11日
|
2 |
阿布杜瓦哈布·塔马尔 Abdulwahab Al-Tammar
|
1983年11月1日 |
1986年9月30日
|
3 |
萨利姆·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·萨巴赫 Sheikh Salem Abdulaziz Al-Saud Al-Sabah سالم عبد العزيز الصباح |
1986年10月1日 |
2012年2月11日[21]
|
4 |
穆罕默德·哈希勒 Mohammad Yusuf Al-Hashel محمد يوسف الهاشل |
2012年3月25日 |
在职[4]
|
关闭
Mission & Objectives of CBK. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-21) (英语). CBK commenced operation on the 1st of April 1969, in fulfillment of the following core objectives stated in Article 15 of its Law No. 32 of 1968
Web Index of Central Bank of Kuwait. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2013-10-31) (英语). The Central Bank of Kuwait was established in 1969 with a mission to lay the foundations and maintain a flexible and stable monetary financial system in the State of Kuwait.
Mission & Objectives of CBK. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-21) (英语). The paid-up capital of the Central Bank of Kuwait shall be five million Kuwaiti Dinars, fully paid up by the government. This capital may be increased by a decree, and such increase shall be withdrawn from the General Reserve of the CBK.
Mission & Objectives of CBK. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-21) (英语). The Central Bank of Kuwait (CBK) was established by virtue of the Law No. 32 of 1968 concerning Currency, the Central Bank of Kuwait and the Organization of Banking Business. CBK replaced the Kuwaiti Currency Board established by virtue of the Amiri Decree No. 41 of 1960. The role of the Kuwaiti Currency Board was limited to the issuance of banknotes and coins, unlike central banks' broad responsibilities ranging from setting and implementing monetary policies to the regulation and supervision of banking activities. CBK's establishment, hence, was in response of the need to keeping pace with domestic and international developments, particularly in view of the increasingly important role of the monetary and financial policy contributing to the advancement of social and economic development in the country.
Synopsis Of Kuwait's Actions To Combat Terrorist Finance. 维基解密. 2005-02-23 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-08) (英语). In the wake of January's violent confrontations between extremists and Kuwaiti security forces, the Government of Kuwait has begun to view terrorist finance as an issue of real concern. Kuwait's Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), which is housed within the Central Bank, was established in 2003.
胡楠. 中建三局中标科威特央行大楼. 汉网. 新浪网. 2008-03-18 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-10) (中文(简体)). 中建三局称,其公司击败5家境外竞争对手,一举中标科威特中央银行新总部大楼工程,中标金额4.06亿美元,约合人民币30亿元。
科威特央行行长因不满政府开支剧增宣布辞职. 中新网. 中国新闻网. 2012-02-13 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2019-06-09) (中文(简体)). 据外电报道,科威特央行行长萨巴赫因不满政府开支剧增,于13日宣布辞职。 报道称,今年61岁的萨巴赫宣布辞职,以抗议该国的财政政策给经济带来的“不良”后果。
Reuters. Kuwait to take measures to cut spending - cenbank. 阿拉伯商业周刊 (Arabian Business). 2012-10-01 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-09) (英语). Hashel replaced veteran policymaker Sheikh Salem Abdul-Aziz al-Sabah, who headed the central bank for 25 years before resigning in March. Sheikh Salem was concerned about Kuwait's dependency on oil for revenues.
CBK's objectives. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2013-10-31) (英语). CBK's objectives include: Issue the Kuwaiti Dinar on behalf of the State of Kuwait. Direct credit policy to assist social and economic progress. Assist the growth of the national income. Control the banking system in the country.CBK also acts as a banker and financial advisor to the government, while representatives from both the public and private sectors make up the Board of Directors.
Mission & Objectives of CBK. 科威特中央银行官网. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-21) (英语). CBK commenced operation on the 1st of April 1969, in fulfillment of the following core objectives stated in Article 15 of its Law No. 32 of 1968: issue the national currency on behalf of the State. maintain the relative stability of the Kuwaiti Dinar, and secure its free convertibility into foreign currencies. to direct the credit policy with the aim to contribute to the social and economic progress and enhance the national income. to supervise the State's banking system. to serve as a banker to the government. to serve as a financial adviser to the government.