犀鳥目(學名:Bucerotiformes)是鳥綱下的一個目,包括犀鳥、地犀鳥、戴勝及林戴勝等物種。[1]
事实速览 科学分类, 模式属 ...
犀鸟目
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紅臉地犀鳥,體形最大的一種犀鳥
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科学分类
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界:
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动物界 Animalia
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门:
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脊索动物门 Chordata
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纲:
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鸟纲 Aves
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演化支:
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今颚类 Neognathae
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演化支:
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新鸟类 Neoaves
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演化支:
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雀类 Passerea
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演化支:
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陸鳥類 Telluraves
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演化支:
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非洲禽类 Afroaves
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总目:
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佛法僧总目 Coraciimorphae
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演化支:
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穴鸟类 Cavitaves
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演化支:
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真穴鸟类 Eucavitaves
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目:
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犀鸟目 Bucerotiformes Fürbringer, 1888
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模式属
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Buceros 角犀鳥屬
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亞目與科
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关闭
在過去,本目下的兩種主要鳥類——戴勝及犀鳥皆為佛法僧目下的科。[2]但自2000年代左右起,不少研究開始發現其關係與翠鳥等佛法僧鳥類關係較遠,並因此建議將其自佛法僧目中獨立。[3][4][5]但該兩種鳥類分出後,一度被視為兩個目,即戴勝目(Upupiformes)及犀鳥目,到了2008年的研究才將這兩個目合併為現在的犀鳥目。[1][6][7]
有研究提議犀鳥科中的噪犀鳥屬與地犀鳥科關係較近並認為應該前者歸於後者之下;這演化支代表早期的非洲世系,而其他則代表亞洲世系。[8]
佛法僧總目
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鼠鳥目 Coliiformes
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穴鳥類
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鵑鴗目 Leptosomatiformes
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真穴鳥類
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咬鹃目 Trogoniformes
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鴷翠鳥類
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犀鸟目 Bucerotiformes
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Picodynastornithes
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Picocoraciae
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Eucavitaves
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Cavitaves
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Coraciimorphae
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本目現在下屬兩個亞目,分別是以戴勝為主的戴勝亞目(Upupi)及以犀鳥為主的犀鳥亞目(Buceroti)。[9][10]以下是根據2013年及2019年資料繪製的支序圖:[11]
犀鳥與戴勝耳柱骨形狀相差甚遠,其中前者有直棒狀的軸,而後者形狀則類似於鐵鎚。[10][12]
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