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聯合國海洋邊界 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书
专属经济区(英語:exclusive economic zone,缩写为EEZ),又稱經濟海域,是指国际海洋法中为解决国家或地区之间的因海域争端而提出的一个区域概念。专属经济区是指领海以外并邻接领海的一个区域,专属经济区从测算领海宽度的基线量起,不应超过二百海里(370.4公里),除去离另一个国家更近的点。专属经济区所属国家具有勘探、开发、使用、养护、管理海床和底土及其上覆水域自然资源的权利,对人工设施的建造使用、科研、环保等的权利。其它国家仍然享有航行和飞越的自由,以及与这些自由有关的其他符合国际法的用途(铺设海底电缆、管道等)。该国对其专属经济区的渔业资源和矿产资源拥有开发利用或准许它国利用的专有权。經濟海域並非領土的範疇,卻是國家主權的延伸。
聯合國1982年第三次海洋法會議做出《联合国海洋法公約》決議,對於專屬經濟區有詳細規定。該公約已有160國批准簽署,目前僅有美國、朝鮮、伊朗、泰國、利比亞等国尚未批准。
一般而言,海權大國或海島國、仍保留眾多屬島的前殖民大國,容易獲得較大的專屬經濟區的宣示空間。如美國在兩大洋本土兩側及太平洋、大西洋上擁有如夏威夷、阿拉斯加、關島、塞班等屬土,英國及法國則利用其在太平洋、大西洋及印度洋上之屬島,宣示了極大的專屬經濟區,分別為全球第五及第一。澳洲為四面環海之島型大陸,除與巴布亞紐幾內亞、紐西蘭臨接處外,亦可宣示龐大之經濟區。
序号 | 國家 | 經濟區 | 大陆架 | 經濟區 +大陆架 領土 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
11,691,000 | 389,422 | 12,080,422 |
2 | ![]() |
11,351,000 | 2,193,526 | 21,814,306 |
3 | ![]() |
8,505,348 | 2,194,008 | 16,197,464 |
4 | ![]() |
7,566,673 | 3,817,843 | 24,664,915 |
5 | ![]() |
6,805,586 | 722,891 | 7,048,486 |
6 | ![]() |
6,159,032 | 2,039,381 | 8,063,601 |
7 | ![]() |
5,599,077 | 2,644,795 | 15,607,077 |
8 | ![]() |
4,479,388 | 454,976 | 4,857,318 |
9 | ![]() |
4,083,744 | 277,610 | 4,352,424 |
10 | ![]() |
3,879,666[1][2] | 831,340 | 13,520,487 |
11 | ![]() |
3,681,989 | 252,947 | 4,431,381 |
12 | ![]() |
3,660,955 | 774,563 | 12,175,832 |
13 | ![]() |
3,441,810 | 7,523 | 3,442,536 |
14 | ![]() |
3,269,386 | 419,102 | 5,141,968 |
15 | ![]() |
2,996,419 | 19,403 | 2,997,121 |
16 | ![]() |
2,551,238 | 495,657 | 4,761,811 |
17 | ![]() |
2,402,288 | 191,256 | 2,865,128 |
18 | ![]() |
2,385,178 | 434,020 | 2,770,404 |
19 | ![]() |
2,305,143 | 402,996 | 5,592,406 |
20 | ![]() |
1,990,530 | 18,411 | 1,990,711 |
21 | ![]() |
1,727,408 | 92,090 | 3,969,498 |
22 | ![]() |
1,590,780 | 272,921 | 1,890,780 |
23 | ![]() |
1,589,477 | 36,282 | 1,618,373 |
24 | ![]() |
1,535,538 | 156,337 | 2,756,575 |
25 | ![]() |
1,336,559 | 39,063 | 1,337,014 |
26 | ![]() |
1,284,997 | 29,061 | 1,287,037 |
27 | ![]() |
1,282,978 | 47,705 | 1,301,250 |
28 | ![]() |
1,225,259 | 101,505 | 1,812,300 |
29 | ![]() |
1,159,063 | 856,346 | 3,939,463 |
30 | ![]() |
1,077,231 | 41,034 | 1,333,600 |
31 | ![]() |
1,039,233 | 77,920 | 1,545,225 |
32 | ![]() |
923,322 | 34,538 | 923,622 |
33 | ![]() |
906,454 | 82,000 | 2,191,670 |
34 | ![]() |
825,052 | 55,895 | 1,462,709 |
35 | ![]() |
808,158 | 53,691 | 1,949,906 |
36 | ![]() |
800,561 | 5,591 | 804,594 |
37 | ![]() |
751,345 | 108,015 | 854,345 |
38 | ![]() |
749,790 | 3,575 | 749,816 |
39 | ![]() |
663,251 | 11,483 | 675,440 |
40 | ![]() |
659,558 | 8,517 | 660,305 |
41 | ![]() |
654,715 | 106,323 | 668,658 |
42 | ![]() |
603,978 | 2,837 | 604,437 |
43 | ![]() |
578,986 | 94,212 | 1,380,576 |
44 | ![]() |
575,230 | 115,157 | 1,287,780 |
45 | ![]() |
574,725 | 19,585 | 625,825 |
46 | ![]() |
564,748 | 86,698 | 1,388,864 |
47 | ![]() |
552,669 | 59,229 | 1,080,637 |
48 | ![]() |
541,915 | 116,834 | 843,251 |
49 | ![]() |
533,180 | 59,071 | 842,680 |
50 | ![]() |
532,775 | 220,332 | 1,209,353 |
51 | ![]() |
532,619 | 32,453 | 598,229 |
52 | ![]() |
518,433 | 48,092 | 1,765,133 |
53 | ![]() |
505,572 | 81,451 | 637,529 |
54 | ![]() |
475,469 | 292,522 | 575,469 |
55 | ![]() |
471,507 | 98,500 | 1,387,950 |
56 | ![]() |
417,663 | 365,198 | 748,875 |
57 | ![]() |
410,310 | 139,935 | 480,583 |
58 | ![]() |
351,589 | 64,763 | 2,111,129 |
59 | ![]() |
350,751 | 61,525 | 460,637 |
60 | ![]() |
335,646 | 53,404 | 411,163 |
61 | ![]() |
334,671 | 323,412 | 665,474 |
62 | ![]() |
308,480 | 41 | 308,501 |
63 | ![]() |
303,509 | 7,820 | 331,560 |
64 | ![]() |
299,397 | 230,063 | 812,517 |
65 | ![]() |
263,451 | 61,591 | 1,265,451 |
66 | ![]() |
261,654 | 56,093 | 1,045,216 |
67 | ![]() |
258,137 | 9,802 | 269,128 |
68 | ![]() |
255,898 | 10,738 | 304,569 |
69 | ![]() |
249,734 | 17,715 | 361,103 |
70 | ![]() |
249,542 | 68,718 | 362,034 |
71 | ![]() |
241,888 | 25,611 | 1,186,975 |
72 | ![]() |
235,999 | 51,383 | 1,117,911 |
73 | ![]() |
235,349 | 22,502 | 473,888 |
74 | ![]() |
228,633 | 107,249 | 2,378,323 |
75 | ![]() |
217,313 | 42,285 | 1,141,081 |
76 | ![]() |
215,611 | 28,625 | 287,351 |
77 | ![]() |
202,790 | 35,020 | 470,458 |
78 | ![]() |
186,898 | 426 | 187,328 |
79 | ![]() |
176,254 | 10,175 | 498,717 |
80 | ![]() |
168,718 | 118,693 | 1,797,468 |
81 | ![]() |
165,338 | 31,662 | 1,190,858 |
82 | ![]() |
163,752 | 1,526 | 165,987 |
83 | ![]() |
160,885 | 154,604 | 602,255 |
84 | ![]() |
158,861 | 23,092 | 355,583 |
85 | ![]() |
154,011 | 77,246 | 192,345 |
86 | ![]() |
147,318 | 79,142 | 750,818 |
87 | ![]() |
142,166 | 75,327 | 318,381 |
88 | ![]() |
137,765 | 50,578 | 352,734 |
89 | ![]() |
132,826 | 54,566 | 253,364 |
90 | ![]() |
131,397 | 1,902 | 132,361 |
91 | ![]() |
127,950 | 2,087 | 130,781 |
92 | ![]() |
127,772 | 53,631 | 291,592 |
93 | ![]() |
126,760 | 6,683 | 154,510 |
94 | ![]() |
126,353 | 9,985 | 2,508,094 |
95 | ![]() |
123,881 | 70,874 | 254,254 |
96 | ![]() |
123,725 | 39,339 | 159,850 |
97 | ![]() |
116,942 | 11,073 | 697,309 |
98 | ![]() |
114,170 | 14,422 | 223,059 |
99 | ![]() |
110,089 | 4,128 | 110,531 |
100 | ![]() |
101,857 | 67,126 | 265,467 |
101 | ![]() |
98,707 | 4,042 | 107,958 |
102 | ![]() |
90,962 | 16,852 | 112,003 |
103 | ![]() |
87,171 | 85,109 | 425,590 |
104 | ![]() |
86,392 | 66,438 | 230,390 |
106 | ![]() |
77,728 | 61,817 | 195,328 |
107 | ![]() |
74,199 | 25,284 | 79,329 |
108 | ![]() |
70,326 | 25,648 | 85,200 |
109 | ![]() |
68,148 | 19,827 | 1,954,216 |
110 | ![]() |
62,515 | 62,515 | 243,550 |
111 | ![]() |
59,426 | 44,755 | 305,283 |
112 | ![]() |
59,032 | 50,277 | 115,626 |
113 | ![]() |
58,218 | 57,474 | 141,818 |
114 | ![]() |
57,485 | 57,485 | 414,599 |
115 | ![]() |
54,823 | 5,301 | 55,139 |
116 | ![]() |
36,992 | 36,992 | 82,219 |
117 | ![]() |
36,302 | 1,561 | 36,691 |
118 | ![]() |
35,351 | 13,178 | 58,317 |
119 | ![]() |
34,307 | 10,426 | 145,186 |
120 | ![]() |
33,221 | 2,721 | 145,843 |
121 | ![]() |
31,590 | 31,590 | 43,176 |
122 | ![]() |
31,017 | 7,982 | 373,017 |
123 | ![]() |
29,797 | 29,797 | 342,482 |
124 | ![]() |
28,985 | 659 | 29,736 |
125 | ![]() |
28,452 | 27,772 | 93,011 |
126 | ![]() |
27,426 | 2,237 | 27,770 |
127 | ![]() |
26,352 | 3,745 | 48,424 |
128 | ![]() |
23,627 | 19,303 | 262,018 |
129 | ![]() |
23,112 | 5,581 | 34,407 |
130 | ![]() |
21,946 | 3,243 | 91,646 |
131 | ![]() |
19,516 | 1,067 | 29,968 |
132 | ![]() |
16,547 | 11,420 | 491,989 |
133 | ![]() |
15,617 | 544 | 16,156 |
134 | ![]() |
13,691 | 6,979 | 42,439 |
135 | ![]() |
12,045 | 1,265 | 68,830 |
136 | ![]() |
11,026 | 11,026 | 28,844 |
137 | ![]() |
10,503 | 1,085 | 195,683 |
138 | ![]() |
10,225 | 10,225 | 10,975 |
139 | ![]() |
10,090 | 8,509 | 15,855 |
140 | ![]() |
9,974 | 653 | 10,235 |
141 | ![]() |
7,745 | 3,896 | 21,557 |
142 | ![]() |
7,459 | 3,187 | 30,659 |
143 | ![]() |
7,031 | 7,031 | 72,331 |
144 | ![]() |
3,447 | 3,447 | 33,975 |
145 | ![]() |
1,606 | 1,593 | 2,346,464 |
146 | ![]() |
1,067 | 1,067 | 1,772 |
147 | ![]() |
771 | 771 | 439,088 |
148 | ![]() |
288 | 290 | |
149 | ![]() |
256 | 256 | 6,276 |
150 | ![]() |
220 | 220 | 20,493 |
151 | ![]() |
166 | 59 | 89,508 |
152 | ![]() |
50 | 50 | 51,259 |
– | ![]() |
2,724,900 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,564,100 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,284,000 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,267,000 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,240,192 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,104,300 | ||
– | ![]() |
1,098,581 | ||
– | ![]() |
752,612 | ||
– | ![]() |
652,090 | ||
– | ![]() |
622,984 | ||
– | ![]() |
619,745 | ||
– | ![]() |
582,000 | ||
– | ![]() |
488,100 | ||
– | ![]() |
447,400 | ||
– | ![]() |
406,752 | ||
– | ![]() |
390,757 | ||
– | ![]() |
274,222 | ||
– | ![]() |
241,038 | ||
– | ![]() |
236,800 | ||
– | ![]() |
207,600 | ||
– | ![]() |
199,951 | ||
– | ![]() |
147,181 | ||
– | ![]() |
143,100 | ||
– | ![]() |
118,484 | ||
– | ![]() |
93,028 | ||
– | ![]() |
86,600 | ||
– | ![]() |
83,871 | ||
– | ![]() |
78,867 | ||
– | ![]() |
77,474 | ||
– | ![]() |
49,035 | ||
– | ![]() |
41,284 | ||
– | ![]() |
38,394 | ||
– | ![]() |
33,846 | ||
– | ![]() |
30,355 | ||
– | ![]() |
29,743 | ||
– | ![]() |
27,834 | ||
– | ![]() |
26,338 | ||
– | ![]() |
25,713 | ||
– | ![]() |
17,364 | ||
– | ![]() |
10,887 | ||
– | ![]() |
2,586 | ||
– | ![]() |
468 | ||
– | ![]() |
160 | ||
– | ![]() |
61 | ||
– | ![]() |
0.44 | ||
总计 | ![]() |
137,273,110 | 25,153,541 | 274,239,014 |
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