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克罗顿的阿尔克迈翁
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克羅頓的阿爾克邁翁(又譯阿尔克芒,古希腊语:Ἀλκμαίων;拉丁文:Alcmaeo,約前490年—),古希腊自然哲学家,据传是毕达哥拉斯的学生。阿爾克邁翁生活在意大利南部的希臘殖民地克羅托內古城。
阿爾克邁翁的自然哲學著作主要涉及醫學和生物學領域。他強調大腦作為感知器官的重要性。感覺一定是沿著空氣通道從感官進入大腦,儘管他從未看見任何通道,也沒有這樣的通道存在。
生平
阿爾克邁翁生於亞平寧半島南端的古希臘殖民地克羅托內,父名佩里蘇斯(Peirithous)[1]。關於其生年的記載互有齟齬,約在前6世紀末到5世紀初之間[2]。其著作主要關注醫學題材,對占星術和氣象學亦有所涉獵。今人對其生平所知僅此而已[3]。
參考
- "There is disagreement about the date of his birth: Aristotle says that "Alcmaeon of Croton lived when Pythagoras was old," [Metaphysics, 1, v, 30, 986a] but it would appear that the passage is interpolated. Diogenes Laertius states that he was a disciple of Pythagoras, [viii. 83] and this could have been possible if we assume that the latter died about 490 and that Alcmaeon was born about 510 BC." Plinio Prioreschi, (1996), A History of Medicine: Greek medicine, page 167.
- Greenhill, William Alexander. Alcmaeon (3). William Smith (编). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology 1. Boston: Little, Brown and Company: 104–105. 1867. (原始内容存档于2013-11-11).
拓展閱讀
- (法文)Bruno Centrone: Alcméon de Crotone. In: Richard Goulet (Hrsg.): Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques. Band 1, CNRS, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-222-04042-6, S. 116–117