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下丘腦（粵拼：ha6 jyau1 nou5，英語：Hypothalamus），係腦嘅一部分，用嚟調節內臟活動同內分泌活動。佢喺丘腦嘅下面，腦幹嘅上面，控制身體大部分反射動作。喺人嚟講，佢同杏仁核嘅大細差唔多。下丘腦腺體調節體溫、血糖、水平衡、脂肪代謝、攝食習慣、睡眠、性行為、情緒、荷爾蒙（例如：腎上腺素及皮質醇）嘅製作，同埋自律神經系統。當人遇到驚或者興奮嘅嘢嗰陣，身體嘅自律神經系統會向下丘腦腺體發出訊號，從而令身體加速心跳同呼吸、瞳孔擴張，增加血液流量，令身體能夠及時作出相應嘅行動。
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