貝爾曼擬譜法Ross, I. M.; Gong, Q.; Sekhavat, P. Low-Thrust, High-Accuracy Trajectory Optimization. Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics. 2007, 30 (4): 921–933
最优控制source tools for massively parallel optimization in astrodynamics (the case of interplanetary trajectory optimization)." Proceed. Fifth International Conf
Ross–Fahroo引理(4): 927–936. doi:10.2514/1.33117. A. M. Hawkins, Constrained Trajectory Optimization of a Soft Lunar Landing From a Parking Orbit, S.M. Thesis, Dept
奇異控制經濟學中的默頓的投資組合問題（英语：Merton's portfolio problem）或是航空學中的軌跡最佳化問題（英语：trajectory optimization）。以下有進一步的技術說明。 應用庞特里亚金最小化原理時，最常見的困難點是當哈密頓量和控制 u {\displaystyle u}
切比雪夫擬譜法Systems. Computational Optimization and Applications. 1998, 11: 195–217. Fahroo, F.; Ross, I. M. Direct trajectory optimization by a Chebyshev pseudospectral