Department)(Tibesti Department)。 Split from the 加奈姆區: 加扎勒河區 (Bahr El Gazel) region, from Kanem's former Barh El Gazel(英语:Bahr el Gazel Department) (Bahr
Cartwright, Mark. “Kingdom of Kanem.” World History Encyclopedia, 23 Apr. 2019, www.worldhistory.org/Kingdom_of_Kanem/.(英文) Djibril Tamsir Niane, Unesco