裂螺總科(學名:Fissurelloidea,亦作裂裙螺總科透孔螺總科),其下只有裂螺科(學名:Fissurellidae Fleming, 1822[2],亦作裂裙螺科鑰孔䗩科[3][4][5]:18透孔螺科[6]),是古腹足類支序之下的一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物[7][8]。本總科的物種因其錐狀螺殼螺尖上有一個小孔,是海螺的一個特化體。由於整個螺殼的外形就像一條裂開了一條縫的裙襬那樣,所以被稱為裂裙螺

Quick Facts 科學分類, 模式屬 ...
裂螺科
化石時期:Triassic至Recent[1]
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一組Diodora cayenensis螺殼
科學分類 編輯
界: 動物界 Animalia
門: 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱: 腹足綱 Gastropoda
目: 深海白笠目 Lepetellida
總科: 裂螺總科 Fissurelloidea
Fleming英語John Fleming (naturalist), 1822
科: 裂螺科 Fissurellidae
Fleming, 1822
模式屬
Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821

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根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》基本上包括了各種笠螺,覆蓋了原來原始腹足目的大多數物種。

分佈

本科物種的分佈是世界性的,從冰冷的寒帶到熱帶都有其物種存在[9]

習性

本科物種一般居住在潮間帶下部深水區的岩面或岩底[9]

分類

本科的屬一般可以按四個不同的亞科來分類,分別如下[10][7]

  • 天蓋螺亞科 Diodorinae Odhner, 1932
  • 邊罅螺亞科 Emarginulinae
    • Genus Clypidina Gray, 1847
    • 邊罅螺屬 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801:又名鱗䗩屬[11]
    • Genus Fissurisepta Sequenza, 1863
    • Genus Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953
    • Genus Nesta H. Adams, 1870
    • Genus Notomella Cotton, 1957
    • 天窗䗩屬 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827[13]:23
    • Genus Scutus Montfort, 1810
    • 土加䗩屬 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843[13]:23
    • Genus Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
  • Subfamily Fissurellidinae
  • Subfamily Fissurellinae

但由於現時基於分子分類學的文獻不斷更新,現時普遍不區分亞科現詳列全部的屬。以下為現時屬於本科的屬[14][10][15][16]

  • Altrix Palmer, 1942
  • Amblychilepas Pilsbry, 1890
  • Buchanania Lesson, 1830
  • Clathrosepta McLean & Geiger, 1998
  • Clypidina Gray, 1847
  • Cornisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998
  • Dendrofissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986
  • 榖米螺屬 Dentimargo[15]
  • 邊罅螺屬 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
  • Fissurella Bruguière, 1789
  • Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1841
  • Fissurisepta Seguenza, 1863
  • Hemimarginula McLean, 2011
  • Hemitoma Swainson, 1840
  • Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953
  • Laevinesta Pilsbry and McGinty, 1952
  • Leurolepas J. H. McLean, 1970
  • Lucapinella Pilsbry, 1890
  • Macroschisma Sowerby, 1839
  • Manganesepta McLean & Geiger, 1998
  • Medusafissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986
  • Montfortia Récluz, 1843
  • 凸螺屬 Montfortista Iredale, 1929
  • Montfortula Iredale, 1915
  • Montfortulana Habe, 1961
  • Nesta Adams, 1870
  • Octomarginula McLean, 2011
  • Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907
  • Profundisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998
  • 天窗䗩屬 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827[13]:23
  • Pupillaea Gray In Sowerby, 1835
  • Rimula DeFrance, 1827
  • Scelidotoma Choe, Yoon and Habe, 1992
  • 笠罅螺屬 Scutus Montfort, 1810
  • Stromboli Berry, 1954
  • 土加䗩屬 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843[13]:23
  • Tugalina Habe, 1953
  • Variemarginula McLean, 2011
  • Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
異名:
  • Austroglyphis Cotton & Godfrey, 1934: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
  • Aviscutum Iredale, 1940: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810
  • Capiluna Gray, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
  • 孔螺屬 Cranopsis A. Adams, 1860:今作 天窗䗩屬 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827
  • Cemoria Risso, 1826 [ex Leach MS]: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827
  • Cremoria [Gray, 1842]: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827
  • Elegidion Iredale, 1924: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
  • 邊罅螺屬 Emarginella Pilsbry, 1890[15]: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
  • Entomella Cotton, 1945: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
  • Fissuridea Swainson, 1840: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
  • Glyphis Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821
  • Legrandia Beddome, 1883: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
  • Megatebennus Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1839
  • Nannoscutum Iredale, 1937: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810
  • Nesta H. Adams, 1870: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860
  • Notomella Cotton, 1957: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
  • Parmophoridea Wenz, 1938: synonym of Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907
  • Parmophorus Blainville, 1817: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810
  • Plagiorhytis P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Montfortula Iredale, 1915
  • Scutum P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810
  • Semperia Crosse, 1867: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801
  • Sipho T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827
  • Siphonella Issel, 1869: synonym of Montfortista Iredale, 1929
  • Subemarginula Gray, 1847: synonym of Hemitoma Swainson, 1840
  • Subzeidora Iredale, 1924: synonym of Emarginula (Subzeidora) Iredale, 1924
  • Tugalia Gray, 1857: synonym of Tugali Gray, 1843
  • Vacerra Iredale, 1924: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827
  • Zidora P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860

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