PMID 15324363. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01386.x (英语). Nygård L. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: A Stepping-stone Towards Alzheimer's Disease
(pana-): to wash (body parts) mari- (pari-): to bear, to give birth (of animal) maru- (paru-): to lay eggs or give birth masa-: verbal prefix masi- (pasi-):