酵母亞門是子囊菌門中最低級的菌種,只有單細胞,通常單生,有明顯的細胞壁和細胞核,有時數個細胞連成串,形成擬菌絲,以出芽的方式繁殖,芽脫落後就形成新個體,沒有子囊果。 [2]
釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)[3]是啤酒釀造中必不可少的,此外有的菌種還應用於麵包發酵、石油脫蠟、生產甘油和有機酸等工業中,但假絲酵母屬(Candida)的一些菌種也可以使人致病。
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