遮羅迦本集

遮羅迦本集（梵語：चरक संहिता，羅馬化：caraka-saṃhitā）是一部以梵語撰寫的阿育吠陀（印度傳統醫學）文獻^[1][2]。它與《妙聞集（英語：Sushruta Samhita）》共同為古印度在此領域中流傳下來的兩部基礎文獻^[3][4][5]。

該書據稱內容首先由阿特里雅教授，此後由阿格尼維夏編纂成書，並由遮羅迦（英語：Charaka）修訂，如今留存的手稿都是經過陀哩陀波羅（Dridhabala）編輯過的^[6]。

公元2世紀前的正文包括8部書和120章節^[7][8]。其描述了古代關於人體、各種疾病的原因論、症狀學以及藥理學的理論^[9]。書中還包括了一些描述飲食、衛生、預防、醫學教育之重要性的章節，以及恢復健康所需的醫生、護士和病人的合作^[10][11][12]。

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參考資料

1. Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.
2. Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） June 1, 2006
3. E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Charaka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".
4. Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Charaka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
   Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries"
5. Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)
6. Bhavana KR and Shreevathsa. Medical geography in Charaka Samhita.. Ayu. 2014, 35 (4): 371–377. PMC 4492020 . PMID 26195898. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.158984.
7. Balodhi JP. Constituting the outlines of a philosophy of ayurveda: mainly on mental health import.. Indian J Psychiatry. 1987, 29 (2): 127–31. PMC 3172459 . PMID 21927226.
8. Meulenbeld, Gerrit Jan. Caraka, his identity and date. A History of Indian Medical Literature. Groningen: E. Forsten. 1999-01-01. IA, part 1, chapter 10. ISBN 978-9069801247. OCLC 42207455 （英語）.
9. Ariel Glucklich. The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press, USA. 2008: 141–142. ISBN 978-0-19-531405-2.
10. Robert Svoboda. Ayurveda: Life, Health and Longevity. Penguin Books. 1992: 189–190. ISBN 978-0140193220.
11. MS Valiathan (2009), An Ayurvedic view of life, Current Science, Volume 96, Issue 9, pages 1186-1192
12. F.A. Hassler, Charaka Samhita （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18