綠背黨（英語：Greenback Party），亦稱獨立黨（英語：Independent Party）、國家獨立黨（英語：National Independent Party）和綠背勞動黨（英語：Greenback Labor Party），是美國的一個活躍於1874年至1889年的反壟斷主義政黨。該黨曾參加過1876年、1880年和1884年的總統選舉。
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綠背黨的命名來源於美國在南北戰爭期間發行的「綠鈔」。[1]該黨反對通貨緊縮，支持通貨膨脹。由於他們的政策能降低債務人的償債代價，減少了農民的負擔。綠背黨得到了美國東部多個城市的勞工、債務人和農民的支持。[2]除此之外，綠背黨還支持八小時工作制，要求工廠設立安全規定並禁止僱傭童工[3]。
1889年，綠背黨正式解散，該黨解散後，新成立的人民黨（People's Party）崛起，成為新的左翼第三黨。
Kleppner. The Greenback and Prohibition Parties. : 1553.
- Barrett, Don C. The Greenbacks and Resumption of Specie Payments, 1862-1879. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1931.
- Campbell, Alexander. The True Greenback: Or the Way to Pay the National Debt Without Taxes, and Emancipate Labor. Chicago. 1868.
- Cooper, Peter. The Nomination to the Presidency of Peter Cooper and his Address to the Indianapolis Convention of the National Independent Party. New York: Peter Cooper/Trow's Printing and Bookbinding. 1876.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. A History of the Greenbacks: With Special Reference to the Economic Consequences of Their Issue, 1862-65. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1903.
- Mitchell, Wesley Clair. Gold, Prices, and Wages under the Greenback Standard. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1908.
- Ritter, Gretchen. Goldbugs and Greenbacks: The Antimonopoly Tradition and the Politics of Finance in America. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1997.
- Usher, Ellis B. The Greenback Movement of 1875-1884 and Wisconsin's Part In It. Milwaukee: E. B. Usher. 1911 [2013-09-25].
