水玉杯屬

水玉杯屬 （學名：Thismia）是一類分佈於亞熱帶和熱帶太平洋沿岸的腐生植物，人們最初在1845年報道該屬。下分約50種，當中包括台灣水玉杯和香港水玉杯。

水玉杯屬
Thismia rodwayi
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	單子葉植物 Monocots
目：	薯蕷目 Dioscoreales
科：	水玉簪科 Burmanniaceae
族：	水玉杯族 Thismieae
屬：	水玉杯屬 Thismia Griff., 1844[1][2]
異名
Bagnisia Becc. Glaziocharis Taub. Glaziocharis Taub. ex Warm. Mamorea de la Sota Myostoma Miers Ophiomeris Miers Rodwaya F.Muell. Sarcosiphon Blume Scaphiophora Schltr. Tribrachys Champ. ex Thwaites Triscyphus Taub. Triurocodon Schltr.

下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：^[3]

• 日本水玉杯 Thismia abei (Akasawa) Hatus.
• Thismia acuminata Hrones, Dancák & Sochor
• 白水玉杯 Thismia alba Holttum ex Jonker^[4]
• 美國水玉杯 Thismia americana N.Pfeiff.
• Thismia andicola Aguilar-Cano, S.Guzman-Guzman & Lopera-Toro, 2023^[5]
• Thismia angustimitra Chantanaorr.^[6]
• Thismia annamensis K.Larsen & Aver.
• 柱玉盔 Thismia appendiculata Schltr.
• 蜘蛛水玉杯 Thismia arachnites Ridl.^[7]
• Thismia aseroe Becc.
• Thismia aurantiaca Hareesh & M.Sabu^[8]
• Thismia belumensis Siti-Munirah & Suhaimi-Miloko, 2021^[9]
• Thismia betung-kerihunensis Tsukaya & H.Okada^[10]
• Thismia bifida M.Hotta
• Thismia bokorensis Suetsugu & Tsukaya^[11]
• Thismia breviappendiculata Nob.Tanaka^[12]
• Thismia brunneomitra Hroneš, Kobrlová & Dančák^[13]
• Thismia brunneomitroides Suetsugu & Tsukaya^[14]
• 水玉杯 Thismia brunonis Griff.
• 馬廖水玉杯 Thismia bryndonii Tsukaya, Suetsugu & Suleiman^[15]
• Thismia calcarata D.F.Silva, Honório & J.M.A.Braga, 2023(巴西亞馬遜森林)^[16]
• Thismia caudata Maas & H.Maas
• Thismia chrysops Ridl.
• 水玉帽 Thismia clandestina (Blume) Miq.
• Thismia clavarioides K.R.Thiele
• Thismia claviformis Chantanaorr. & J.Wai
• 水玉盔 Thismia clavigera (Becc.) F. Muell.^[17]
• Thismia clavigeroides Chantanaorr. & Seelanan^[18]
• Thismia cordata D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga^[19]
• Thismia cornuta Hrones, Sochor & Dancák
• 燈罩水玉帽 Thismia crocea (Becc.) J.J.Sm.
• Thismia domei Siti-Munirah^[20]
• Thismia episcopalis (Becc.) F.Muell.
• Thismia espirito-santensis Brade
• Thismia filiformis Chantanaorr.
• Thismia fumida Ridl.
• Thismia fungiformis (Taub. ex Warm.) Maas & H.Maas
• Thismia gardneriana Hook.f. ex Thwaites
• Thismia gigantea (Jonker) Hrone
• Thismia glaziouvii Poulsen
• Thismia glaziovii Poulsen
• 貢山水玉杯 Thismia gongshanensis Hong Qing Li & Y.K.Bi^[21]
• Thismia goodii Kiew
• Thismia grandiflora Ridl.
• 廣東水玉杯 Thismia guangdongensis X.J. Li, A.Liu & D.X. Zhang, 2023（廣東）^[22]
• Thismia hawkesii W.E.Cooper
• 六角水玉杯 Thismia hexagona Dančák, Hrone, Kobrlová & Sochor^[23]
  • 大花六角水玉杯 Thismia hexagona var. grandiflora Tsukaya, Suleiman & H. Okada^[24]
• 香港水玉杯 Thismia hongkongensis Mar & R.M.K.Saunders
• 黃金水玉杯 Thismia huangii P.Y.Jiang & T.H.Hsieh
• Thismia hyalina (Miers) Benth. & Hook.f. ex F.Muell.
• Thismia iguassuensis (Miers) Warm.
• Thismia inconspicua Sochor & Dancák^[25]
• Thismia janeirensis Warm.
• 爪哇水玉杯 Thismia javanica J.J.Sm.
• 尖峰水玉杯 Thismia jianfenglingensis Han Xu, H.J. Yang and S.Q. Fang^[26]
• Thismia kelabitiana Dancák, Hrones & Sochor^[27]
• Thismia kelantanensis Siti-Munirah^[28]
• Thismia kenyirensis Siti-Munirah & Dome^[29]
• Thismia kinabaluensis T.Nishioka & Suetsugu^[30]
• 神戶水玉杯 Thismia kobensis Suetsugu^[31]
• Thismia labiata J.J.Sm.
• Thismia laevis Sochor, Dancák & Hrones
• Thismia lanternata W.E.Cooper
• Thismia latiffiana Siti-Munirah & Dome, 2022^[32]
• Thismia lauriana Jarvie
• Thismia limkokthayi Siti-Munirah & E.Chan, 2022^[33]
• Thismia luetzelburgii Goebel & Suess.
• Thismia macahensis (Miers) F.Muell.
• 馬來亞水玉杯 Thismia malayana Siti-Munirah, Hardy-Adrian, Mohamad-Shafiq & Irwan-Syah, 2024^[34]
• 麻栗坡水玉杯 Thismia malipoensis J. D. Ya & W. B. Yu, 2024^[35]
• Thismia mantiqueirensis Engels & E.C.Smidt^[36]
• Thismia megalongensis C.A.Hunt, G.Steenbee. & V.Merckx
• Thismia melanomitra Maas & H.Maas
• Thismia minutissima Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor^[37]
• Thismia mirabilis K.Larsen
• Thismia mucronata Nuraliev
• Thismia mullerensis Tsukaya & H.Okada
• Thismia neptunis Beccari, 1878^[38]
• Thismia nigra Dancák, Hrones & Sochor
• Thismia nigricans Chantanaorr. & Sridith^[39]
• 黑帽水玉杯 Thismia nigricoronata Kumar & S.W.Gale^[40]
• Thismia okhaensis Luu, Tich, G.Tran & Dinh
• Thismia ophiuris Beccari
• Thismia ornata Dančák, Hroneš & Sochor^[41]
• Thismia pallida Hrones, Dancák & Rejzek, 2018^[42]
• Thismia panamensis (Standl.) Jonker
• Thismia paradisiaca S.Guzm.^[43]
• Thismia petasiformis D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga^[44]
• Thismia prataensis Mancinelli, C.T.Blum & E.C.Smidt
• Thismia pseudomelanomitra D.F.Silva & J.M.A.Braga, 2023，見於巴西亞馬遜地區^[45]
• Thismia puberula Nuraliev^[46]
• Thismia racemosa Ridl.
• Thismia ribeiroi Engels, D.Ferreira-da-Silva & Soares-Lopes
• Thismia rodwayi F.Muell.
• Thismia sahyadrica Sujanapal, Robi & Dantas^[47]
• Thismia saulensis H.Maas & Maas
• Thismia singeri (de la Sota) Maas & H.Maas
• Thismia sitimeriamiae Siti-Munirah, Dome & Thorogood, 2021^[48]
• Thismia submucronata Chantanaorr., Tetsana & Tripetch^[49]
• 蘇門答臘水玉杯 Thismia sumatrana Suetsugu & Tsukaya
• 台灣水玉杯 Thismia taiwanensis Sheng Z.Yang, R.M.K.Saunders & C.J.Hsu
• Thismia tectipora Cowie^[50]
• 三絲水玉杯 Thismia tentaculata K.Larsen & Aver.
• Thismia terengganuensis Siti-Munirah^[20]
• 貓頭鷹水玉杯 Thismia thaithongiana Chantanaorr. & Suddee^[51]
• 霧島水玉杯 Thismia tuberculata Hatus.
• Thismia variabilis D.F.Silva, Honório & J.M.A.Braga, 2023(巴西亞馬遜森林)^[16]
• Thismia viridistriata Sochor, Hrones & Dancák
• 約克水玉杯 Thismia yorkensis Cribb
• 金樽水玉杯 Thismia jinzun CHUNYANG LU, HAIJUN YANG, WENHAO QIN, HAN XU. ^[52]

參考文獻

1. Griffith W. (1844). "On the root parasites referred by authors to Rhizantheae and their allies". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 1: 216-221. page 221.
2. Genus: Thismia Griff. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area. [2010-05-09]. （原始內容存檔於2011-06-06）.
3. Thismia Griff.. GBIF. [2023-02-15]. （原始內容存檔於2023-03-01）.
4. Chantanaorrapint, S. & Sridith, K. (2007). Thismia alba (Thismiaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 35: 34–37: http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB35/TFB35_5Thismia_alba.pdf
5. José Aguilar-Cano, Santiago Guzmán-Guzmán and Alejandro Lopera-Toro. 2023. Thismia andicola sp. nov. (Thismiaceae): A New Species from the northern Andes in Colombia. Phytotaxa. 579(2); 107–116. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.579.2.4
6. Chantanaorrapint, S. 2008. A new species of the genus Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Thailand is described and illustrated. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 53(3); 524-526: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea/2008/00000053/00000003/art00004 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
7. Sahut Chantanaorrapint. 2018. Lectotypification of Thismia arachnites (Thismiaceae), A Mysterious Species Newly Reported for Thailand. Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-018-9765-2
8. V.S. Hareesh, J.P. Alappatt and M. Sabu. 2018. Thismia aurantiaca sp. nov. (section Rodwaya, Thismiaceae): First Record of the Family from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India with A New Species. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2018.63.02.08
9. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah, Zainol Suhaimi-Miloko and Mohammad Ismail Zubir Ahmad. 2021. Thismia belumensis (Thismiaceae), A Remarkable New Species from The Royal Belum State Park, Gerik, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 172: 121-134. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.172.59336
10. Hirokazu Tsukaya and Hiroshi Okada. 2012. A New Species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from West Kalimantan, Borneo. Systematic Botany. 37(1): 53-57. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364412X616639
11. Kenji Suetsugu, Hirokazu Tsukaya, Shuichiro Tagane, Phourin Chhang, Tomohisa Yukawa and Tetsukazu Yahara. 2018. Flora of Bokor National Park VII: Thismia bokorensis (Burmanniaceae), A New Species Representing A New Generic Record. Phytotaxa. 334(1); 65–69. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.10
12. Nobuyuki Tanaka, Mu Mu Aung and Myo Myin Latt. 2018. Thismia breviappendiculata (Thismiaceae), A New Mycoheterotrophic Plant from Southern Myanmar. Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B. 44(2); 67-72.
13. Michal Hroneš, Lucie Kobrlová, Vojtěch Taraška, Ondřej Popelka, Radim Hédl, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Faizah Metali and Martin Dančák. 2015. Thismia brunneomitra, Another New Species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Ulu Temburong, Brunei Darussalam. Phytotaxa. 234(2): 172–178. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.234.2.7
14. Kenji Suetsugu, Hirokazu Tsukaya, Shuichiro Tagane, Somran Suddee, Sukid Rueangruea and Tetsukazu Yahara. 2017. Thismia brunneomitroides (Thismiaceae), A New Mycoheterotrophic Species from southern Thailand. Phytotaxa. 314(1); 103–109. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.9
15. Hirokazu Tsukaya, Kenji Suetsugu and Monica Suleiman. 2017. Thismia bryndonii (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo. Phytotaxa. 312(1); 135–138. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.13
16. Diego Ferreira Da Silva, Mayk Honório, Chirley Gonçalves Silva, Márcia A. Teixeira-Silva, Marcos Silveira and João Marcelo Alvarenga Braga. 2023. Two New Species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon Forest. Phytotaxa. 587(3); 269-282. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.587.3.5, http://facebook.com/MarcosSilveira963/posts/10209757454968646
17. Chantanaorrapint, S. & Chantanaorrapint, A. (2009). Thismia clavigera (Thismiaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 27–31: http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB37/TFB37_4.pdf （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
18. Sahut Chantanaorrapint and Tosak Seelanan. 2021. Thismia clavigeroides (Thismiaceae), A New Mycoheterotrophic Species from Thailand. Systematic Botany. 46(1); 18-23. DOI: 10.1600/036364421X16128061189468
19. Diego Ferreira da Silva, Román Carlos Ríos, Vinicyus Jorge Mordaski Visini da Cruz, Inti de Souza and João Marcelo Alvarenga Braga. 2022. Thismia cordata (Thismiaceae), A New Fairy Lantern Species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa. 571(1); 76-84. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.6
20. Mat Yunoh Siti Munirah and Dome Nikong. 2019. Thismia domei and T. terengganuensis (Thismiaceae), Two New Species, and T. javanica, A New Record from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 124: 123-137. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.124.34728
21. HONG-QING LI and YU-KE BI. 2013. A New Species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa. 105 (1): 25–28.
22. Xiaojuan Li, Ang Liu and Dianxiang Zhang. 2023. Thismia guangdongensis (Thismiaceae), A New mycoheterotrophic Species from China. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03819
23. Martin Dančák, Michal Hroneš, Michal Sochor, Lucie Kobrlová, Radim Hédl, Záboj Hrázský, Anna Vildomcová, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri and Faizah Metali. 2013. A New Species of Thismia (Thismiaceae) from Brunei Darussalam, Borneo. Phytotaxa. 125:33-39. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.125.1.5
24. Hirokazu Tsukaya, Monica Suleiman and Hiroshi Okada. 2014. A New Variety of Thismia hexagona Dančák, Hroneš, Koblová et Sochor (Thismiaceae) from Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 65(3): 141–145. http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110009922438 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
25. Michal Sochor, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Faizah Metali and Martin Dančák. 2017. Thismia inconspicua (Thismiaceae), A New Mycoheterotrophic Species from Borneo. Phytotaxa. 295(3); 263–270. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.3.7
26. 植物新种“尖峰水玉杯”. NSII. [2023-02-15].
27. Martin Dančák, Michal Hroneš, Michal Sochor and Zuzana Sochorová. 2018. Thismia kelabitiana (Thismiaceae), A New Unique Fairy Lantern from Borneo Potentially Threatened by Commercial Logging. PLoS ONE. 13(10): e0203443. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203443
28. Siti-Munirah Mat Yunoh. 2018. Thismia kelantanensis (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia. Kew Bulletin. September 2018, 73:42. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-018-9767-0
29. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah and Nikong Dome. 2023. Thismia kenyirensis (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Taman Negeri Kenyir, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 221: 61-72. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.221.98571
30. Tatsuki Nishioka, Kenji Suetsugu, Rimi Repin and Kanehiro Kitayama. 2018. Thismia kinabaluensis (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Borneo. Phytotaxa. 360(2); 174–178. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.360.2.10
31. Kenji Suetsugu, Kohei Yamana and Hidehito Okada. 2023. Rediscovery of the presumably Extinct Fairy Lantern Thismia kobensis (Thismiaceae) in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, with Discussions on its Taxonomy, Evolutionary History, and Conservation. Phytotaxa. 585(2); 102–112. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.2.2
32. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah and Nikong Dome. 2022. Thismia latiffiana (Thismiaceae), An Unusual New Species from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 188: 105-114. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.188.77061
33. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah, Mustafa Suhaida and Chan Eddie. 2022. Thismia limkokthayi (Thismiaceae): A New Mycoheterotrophic Species from Genting Highlands in Pahang, Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 211: 1-11. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.211.89453
34. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah, Chin Hardy-Adrian, Sharipudin Mohamad-Shafiq, Zainuddin Irwan-Syah and Abd Halim Hamidi. 2024. Thismia malayana (Thismiaceae), A New mycoheterotrophic Species from Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 242: 229-239. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.242.120967
35. Ji-Dong Ya, Hai-Yao Chen, Wei Zhang, Ren-Bin Zhu, Jie Cai and Wen-Bin Yu. 2024. Phylogenetic and Biogeographical Analyses of Thismia (Thismiaceae) support T. malipoensis as the eighth species in China. Willdenowia. 54(1); 47-63. DOI: 10.3372/wi.54.54102
36. Mathias Erich Engels, Edelcio Muscat, Matheus De Toledo Moroti and Eric De Camargo Smidt. 2022. Thismia mantiqueirensis (Thismiaceae), A New Species of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Phytotaxa. 570(2); 223-228. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.8
37. Martin Dančák, Michal Hroneš and Michal Sochor. 2020. Thismia minutissima (Thismiaceae), A Remarkable New Mycoheterotrophic Species from Sarawak, Borneo. Kew Bulletin. 75, 29. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-020-09886-4
38. Michal Sochor, Zuzana Egertová, Michal Hroneš and Martin Dančák. 2018. Rediscovery of Thismia neptunis (Thismiaceae) After 151 Years. Phytotaxa. 340(1); 71–78. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.340.1.5
39. Sahut Chantanaorrapint and Kitichate Sridith. 2015. Thismia nigricans Chantanaorr. & Sridith, A New Species of Thismiaceae from Southern Thailand. Phytotaxa. 217 (3): 293–297. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.217.3.7
40. Pankaj Kumar, Stephan W. Gale, Ji-Hong Li, Somsanith Bouamanivong and Gunter A. Fischer. 2017. Thismia nigricoronata, A New Species of Burmanniaceae (Thismieae, Dioscoreales) from Vang Vieng, Vientiane Province, Laos, and A Key to Subgeneric Classification. Phytotaxa. 319(3); 225–240. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.2
41. Martin Dančák, Michal Hroneš and Michal Sochor. 2020. Thismia ornata and T. coronata (Thismiaceae), Two New Species from Sarawak, Borneo. Willdenowia. 50(1); 65–76. DOI: 10.3372/wi.50.50106
42. Michal Hroneš, Martin Rejžek, Michal Sochor, Martin Svátek, Jakub Kvasnica, Zuzana Egertová, Joan T. Pereira, Reuben Nilus and Martin Dančák. 2018. Two New Species of Thismia subsect. Odoardoa (Thismiaceae) from Borneo. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 151(1); 110-118. DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2018.1387
43. Santiago Guzmán-Guzmán and Angelo Plata-Torres. 2023. A Flower in Paradise: Citizen Science helps to Discover Thismia paradisiaca (Thismiaceae), A New Species from the Chocó Biogeographic Region in Colombia. Phytotaxa. 603(1); 27-42. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.603.1.2
44. Diego Ferreira da Silva and João Marcelo Alvarenga Braga. 2022. Thismia petasiformis (Thismiaceae), A New Fairy Lantern Species from the Brazilian Amazon Forest. Phytotaxa. 564(2); 221-229. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.5
45. [Botany • 2023] Thismia pseudomelanomitra (Thismiaceae) • A New mycoheterotrophic Species of Thismia subg. Ophiomeris from Brazilian Amazon Forest. Blogspot. [2023-05-22]. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-22）.
46. Maxim Nuraliev, Anton Beer, Andrey Kuznetsov and Svetlana Kuznetsova. 2015. Thismia puberula (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Southern Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 234(2); 133–142. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.234.2.3
47. P. Sujanapal, A.J. Robi, K.J. Dantas, M. Sumod and V.S.F.T. Merckx. 2017. Thismia (Thismiaceae): The First Record of the Mycoheterotrophic Genus to the Flora of India with A New Species Revealing the Phytogeographical Significance of Western Ghats. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 62; 97–102. DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2017.62.2.04
48. Mat Yunoh Siti-Munirah, Nikong Dome and Chris J. Thorogood. 2021. Thismia sitimeriamiae (Thismiaceae), An Extraordinary New Species from Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. PhytoKeys. 179: 75-89. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.179.68300
49. Sahut Chantanaorrapint, Naiyana Tetsana, Petch Tripetch and Somran Suddee. 2019. Thismia submucronata (Thismiaceae), A New Species from Mainland Southeast Asia. Taiwania. 64(3); 240-244. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.240
50. Ian D. Cowie and David T. Liddle. 2016. Thismia tectipora (Thismiaceae) A New, Unusual Mitre-Form Species from Tropical Australia. Nuytsia, The journal of the Western Australian Herbarium. 27: 85–94.
51. Sahut Chantanaorrapint and Somran Suddee. 2018. Thismia thaithongiana (Dioscoreaceae: Thismieae), A New Species of Mycoheterotroph from An Unusual Habitat. Phytotaxa. 333(2); 287–292. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.333.2.14
52. CHUNYANG LU, HAIJUN YANG, WENHAO QIN, HAN XU. 2024. Thismia jinzun (Thismiaceae), a new species of Thismia Genus from Hainan Island, China. Phytotaxa. 664(4); 273-280. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.664.4.4