桑達韋語是坦尚尼亞多多馬地區桑達韋人使用的一種聲調語言。它在年長和年青人之中仍然具有活力,有些地區的桑達韋人甚至只說桑達韋語。Albert Drexel在1920年代把它劃歸科依桑語系,但依據僅僅是該語言中存在搭嘴音。近來的研究表明它與科爾語系的聯繫可能更緊密。
Quick Facts 桑達韋語, 母語國家和地區 ...
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桑達韋語有西北和東南兩大方言。兩者之間的區別在於語速、聲調、禁忌詞,以及詞彙、語法上的細微差別。一些阿拉瓜人放棄了母語轉而使用桑達韋語。
自由代詞
More information 單數, 複數 ...
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單數
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複數
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第一人稱
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tsi
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sũũ
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第二人稱
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hapu
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sĩĩ
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第三人稱男
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he-we
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he-so
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第三人稱女
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he-su
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代詞後綴
More information 單數, 複數 ...
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單數
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複數
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第一人稱
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-és
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-wà
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第二人稱
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-i
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-è
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第三人稱男
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-à
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-ʔà
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第三人稱女
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-sà
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名詞由詞幹和後綴組成,後綴是為了標明陽性、陰性、中性以及單複數。
桑達韋語的基本語序是主賓謂結構,但實際語序卻十分靈活。
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- Eaton, Helen C. (2002) 'A Grammar of Focus in Sandawe' (Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Reading).
- Elderkin, Edward D. (1989) 'The Significance and Origin of the Use of Pitch in Sandawe' (Unpublished D.Phil thesis, University of York).
- Güldemann, Tom and Edward D. Elderkin (forthcoming) 'On external genealogical relationships of the Khoe family.' In Brenzinger, Matthias and Christa König (eds.), Khoisan languages and linguistics: the Riezlern symposium 2003. Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung 17. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.
- Hunziker, Daniel, Elisabeth Hunziker, & Helen Eaton (2008) A Description of the Phonology of the Sandawe Language. SIL Electronic Working Papers[1] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Kagaya, Ryohei (1993) 'A Classified Vocabulary of The Sandawe Language', Asian & African Lexicon vol 26. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA).
- Sands, Bonny E. (1998) 'Eastern and Southern African Khoisan: evaluating claims of distant linguistic relationships.' Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung 14. Köln: Köppe.
- Voogt, A.J. de (1992) Some phonetic aspects of Hatsa and Sandawe clicks (Unpublished MA thesis in African Linguistics, Leiden University).
- Wright, Richard, Ian Maddieson, Peter Ladefoged, Bonny Sands (1995). 'A phonetic study of Sandawe clicks', UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics, No. 91: Fieldwork Studies in Targeted Languages III.