循證實踐

循證實踐（英語：Evidence-based practice，簡稱為：EBP），或循證實務，是一種跨學科的臨床醫學實踐之方法，在1992年正式引入臨床醫學實踐之後一直在不斷的發展。循證實踐始於醫學上之循證醫學（英語：Evidence-based medicine），並已擴展應用到聯合衛生專業（英語：allied health professions）、教育（英語：evidence-based education）、管理（英語：evidence-based management）、立法（英語：evidence-based legislation）及公共政策（英語：evidence-based policy）等相關領域。^[1] 循證實踐傳統上是根據三條基本原則，所謂的「三足凳（three legged stool）原則」來定義的：(1).關於治療是否以及為何起作用的最佳研究證據，(2).臨床的專業知識（臨床判斷與經驗），以快速確定每個患者的獨特健康狀況及診斷結果、即如患者們的個人健康風險與潛在醫療處置效益，以及(3).患者的偏好與價值觀。^[2]^[3]

循證行為實踐（EBBP）「即藉由需要通過將最佳可用的證據與醫學從業者的專業知識及其他資源，以及那些將受到影響的特徵、狀態、需求、價值觀與偏好加以整合，而來決定如何促進健康的方法或提供護理照護之步驟。即是以環境和組織背景兼容的方式來完成循證實踐。循證是通過觀察與實驗、以及問題的提出與假設檢驗，進而得出由系統收集來的數據之研究結果」。^[4]

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[1]
Li, Rita Yi Man; Chau, Kwong Wing; Zeng, Frankie Fanjie. Ranking of Risks for Existing and New Building Works. Sustainability. 2019, 11 (10): 2863. doi:10.3390/su11102863.
[2]
Spring, Bonnie. Evidence-based practice in clinical psychology: What it is, why it matters; what you need to know. Journal of Clinical Psychology (Wiley Periodicals, Inc.). 5 June 2007, 63 (7): 611–32 [17 May 2015]. PMID 17551934. doi:10.1002/jclp.20373. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-12）.
[3]
Lilienfeld SO; Ritschel LA; Lynn SJ; Cautin RL; Latzman RD. Why many clinical psychologists are resistant to evidence-based practice: root causes and constructive remedies. Clinical Psychology Review. November 2013, 33 (7): 883–900. PMID 23647856. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.008.
[4]
Defining Evidence-Based Behavioral Practice. ebbp.org. [2018-08-08]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-25）.

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