埃希氏菌屬(學名:Escherichia)為腸桿菌目腸桿菌科的一屬細菌[1]。本屬成員是兩端鈍圓的革蘭氏陰性短桿菌,為人和動物腸道中較多見的正常菌群之一,能合成維生素B、K等。一般不致病,偶而引起腸外感染(如尿路感染)。某些血清型能導致腹瀉等腸道症狀。是國際上廣泛使用的衛生監督指示菌,可作為飲水、食品等衛生檢定的指標。[2][3][4][5][6][7]
下屬物種
本屬包括以下物種:
- Escherichia adecarboxylata Leclerc 1962 (Approved Lists 1980)
- 艾伯特埃希菌 Escherichia albertii Huys et al. 2003
- Escherichia blattae Burgess et al. 1973 (Approved Lists 1980)
- 大腸桿菌 Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 (Approved Lists 1980)
- 費格森埃希菌 Escherichia fergusonii Farmer et al. 1985
- 赫爾曼埃希菌 Escherichia hermannii Brenner et al. 1983
- 旱獺埃希菌 Escherichia marmotae Liu et al. 2015
- Escherichia ruysiae van der Putten et al. 2021
- 傷口埃希菌 Escherichia vulneris Brenner et al. 1983
參考文獻
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