圖邦病毒

圖邦病毒
病毒分類
（未分級）：	病毒 Virus
域：	多變 DNA 病毒域 Varidnaviria
界：	班福病毒界 Bamfordvirae
門：	核質病毒門 Nucleocytoviricota
綱：	巨病毒綱 Megaviricetes
目：	模擬病毒目 Imitervirales
科：	擬菌病毒科 (?) Mimiviridae
屬：	圖邦病毒屬 Tupanvirus

圖邦病毒（學名：Tupanvirus）是擬菌病毒科的一個屬，包括兩種巨病毒（英語：giant virus）：深海圖邦病毒（Tupanvirus deep ocean）和鹽湖圖邦病毒（Tupanvirus soda lake），皆以變形蟲為天然宿主，其名稱圖邦（Tupan）一詞來源於瓜拉尼語的Tupã（瓜拉尼神話中的創世主神、雷神）。圖邦病毒是已知唯一一類具有20種胺基酸之氨醯-tRNA合成酶基因的病毒。^[1]^[2]^[3]

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特色

圖邦病毒的病毒體可達1.2微米長，其衣殼與擬菌病毒的大小和結構類似（約450納米），此外圖邦病毒體還具有一個長550納米、直徑450納米的柱狀尾部，與衣殼底部相連。由於尾部大小的差別，有的圖邦病毒可達2.3微米。圖邦病毒的基因組為長約1.5Mb的雙鏈DNA，用於編碼1276－1425種蛋白質，其基因組包含許多參與細胞生物反應的編碼基因^[1]。

圖邦病毒是已知病毒中，基因組裡具有最完整的轉譯元件者，包括多達70種tRNA、20種氨醯-tRNA合成酶、11種轉譯所需的蛋白質、以及多種可修飾tRNA、mRNA與核糖體蛋白的酵素，還具有與18s核糖體RNA（英語：18S ribosomal RNA）高度相似的序列^[4]。

參考文獻

[1]
Garisto, Dan. These giant viruses have more protein-making gear than any known virus. 2018-02-27 [2020-02-10]. （原始內容存檔於2018-07-01）.
[2]
Abrahão, Jônatas; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Yaacoub Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo; Arantes, Thalita; Assis, Felipe; Boratto, Paulo; Andrade, Miguel; Kroon, Erna Geessien; Ribeiro, Bergmann; Bergier, Ivan; Seligmann, Herve; Ghigo, Eric; Colson, Philippe; Levasseur, Anthony; Kroemer, Guido; Raoult, Didier; Scola, Bernard La. Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere. Nature Communications. 2018-02-27, 9 (1): 749. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9..749A. PMC 5829246 . PMID 29487281. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1.
[3]
Schulz, Frederik; Yutin, Natalya; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Ortega, Davi R.; Lee, Tae Kwon; Vierheilig, Julia; Daims, Holger; Horn, Matthias; Wagner, Michael; Jensen, Grant J.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Woyke, Tanja. Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components (PDF). Science. 2017-04-07, 356 (6333): 82–85 [2020-02-10]. Bibcode:2017Sci...356...82S. PMID 28386012. doi:10.1126/science.aal4657. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-07-24）.
[4]
Abrahão, Jônatas; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Yaacoub Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo; Arantes, Thalita; Assis, Felipe; Boratto, Paulo; Andrade, Miguel. Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere. Nature Communications. 2018-02-27, 9 (1): 1–12 [2020-02-10]. ISSN 2041-1723. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1. （原始內容存檔於2019-11-03）（英語）.

[Sci_mag-1] [1]
Garisto, Dan. These giant viruses have more protein-making gear than any known virus. 2018-02-27 [2020-02-10]. （原始內容存檔於2018-07-01）.

[2] [2]
Abrahão, Jônatas; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Yaacoub Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo; Arantes, Thalita; Assis, Felipe; Boratto, Paulo; Andrade, Miguel; Kroon, Erna Geessien; Ribeiro, Bergmann; Bergier, Ivan; Seligmann, Herve; Ghigo, Eric; Colson, Philippe; Levasseur, Anthony; Kroemer, Guido; Raoult, Didier; Scola, Bernard La. Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere. Nature Communications. 2018-02-27, 9 (1): 749. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9..749A. PMC 5829246 . PMID 29487281. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1.

[3] [3]
Schulz, Frederik; Yutin, Natalya; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Ortega, Davi R.; Lee, Tae Kwon; Vierheilig, Julia; Daims, Holger; Horn, Matthias; Wagner, Michael; Jensen, Grant J.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Woyke, Tanja. Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components (PDF). Science. 2017-04-07, 356 (6333): 82–85 [2020-02-10]. Bibcode:2017Sci...356...82S. PMID 28386012. doi:10.1126/science.aal4657. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-07-24）.

[4] [4]
Abrahão, Jônatas; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Yaacoub Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo; Arantes, Thalita; Assis, Felipe; Boratto, Paulo; Andrade, Miguel. Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere. Nature Communications. 2018-02-27, 9 (1): 1–12 [2020-02-10]. ISSN 2041-1723. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1. （原始內容存檔於2019-11-03）（英語）.

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