前向散射

前向散射 是光波（或更具體地說，電磁波）的偏轉，朝向相反的方向。這可能是由顆粒物質的繞射、非均勻折射或非鏡面反射引起的，這些顆粒物質相對於所討論的波長較大，但相對於光束直徑（英語：Beam diameter）較小。前向散射過程可能對波的偏振敏感。前向散射本質上是後向散射的反向散射^{[來源請求]}。

因為塵埃和冰晶通過向觀測者散射光來反射和增強彗星的表觀亮度，前向散射可以使背光的彗星看起來明顯更亮^[1]。在可見光熱光度法中，研究前向散射的彗星包括C/1927 X1 (斯基勒魯普-馬里斯塔尼)、C/1975 V1 (威斯特)和C/1980 Y1 (布拉德菲爾德)^[2]。在SOHO非熱C3日冕儀光度法中研究的前向散射彗星包括96P/Machholz和C/2004 F4 (布拉德菲爾德)^[2]。在近日點附近的大彗星的C/2006 P1 (麥克諾特)和1927 X1(斯基勒魯普-馬里斯塔尼)的亮度都通過前向散射增強^[3]。

[1]
Comet Elenin as seen by STEREO-B, and what we think is going to happen next.... Sungrazing Comets. [2011-08-05]. （原始內容存檔於2011-09-26）.
[2]
Marcus, Joseph C. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. I. Background and Model. International Comet Quarterly. 2007, 29 (2): 39–66. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29...39M.
[3]
Marcus, Joseph N. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. II. The Light Curve of C/2006 P1 (PDF). International Comet Quarterly. October 2007, 29: 119–130. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29..119M. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2011-07-08）.

本條目引用的公有領域材料來自General Services Administration的文檔《Federal Standard 1037C》。

Cassini's Views of Saturn's Rings
Light Scattering Demonstration （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[scattering-1] [1]
Comet Elenin as seen by STEREO-B, and what we think is going to happen next.... Sungrazing Comets. [2011-08-05]. （原始內容存檔於2011-09-26）.

[Marcus2007-2] [2]
Marcus, Joseph C. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. I. Background and Model. International Comet Quarterly. 2007, 29 (2): 39–66. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29...39M.

[fscat-3] [3]
Marcus, Joseph N. Forward-Scattering Enhancement of Comet Brightness. II. The Light Curve of C/2006 P1 (PDF). International Comet Quarterly. October 2007, 29: 119–130. Bibcode:2007ICQ....29..119M. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2011-07-08）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

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前向散射

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彗星

參考資料

外部連結