leading scholar Gawthrop, Richard, and Gerald Strauss. "Protestantism and literacy in early modern Germany," Past & Present, 1984 #104 pp 31–55 online[失效連結]
Nineteenth-Century Germany (2005) Hollyday, FBM, Bismarck, Great Lives Observed, Prentice-Hall, 1970 . Hope, Nicholas, "Prussian Protestantism," in Philip G. Dwyer
'justification by grace through faith,' this central teaching of Protestantism is articulated in such hymns as 'A Mighty Fortress is Our God,' 'Ah, Holy Jesus
1995. ISBN 978-0-06-016866-7 Groh, John E. Nineteenth-century German Protestantism: the church as social model. Washington, D.C., University Press of America
Calvinist 'Second Reformation' inGermany provoked reactive riots by Lutheran mobs, while Protestant image-breaking in the Baltic region deeply antagonized