Modality effect

1016/0030-5073(77)90001-0 Merkle, E. C. The disutility of the hard-easy effect in choice confidence. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 2009, 16 (1): 204–213

導致對最接近的研究項目回憶更強。凱瑟琳·彭尼（Catherine Penney）對這一發現進行了擴展，發現在自由回憶任務中也可以發現模態效應（modality effects）。在1965年，達利特（Dallett）發現在列表中加入「後綴」項（無法被回想的干擾）會大幅減少觀察到的模態效應。。羅伯特·格林（Robert

HM, Weinberg U, Kirson ED, Von Hoff DD. Tumor-treating fields: A fourth modality in cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res. 2018, (24): 266–275.  Mrugala MM

1095/biolreprod40.2.197. （原始内容存档于2008-11-22）.  Relaxin' the Heart: A Novel Therapeutic Modality. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. July 2016, 21

39 (1): 63–82. PMID 4415924. doi:10.2466/pms.1974.39.1.63.  Penney TB. Modality differences in interval timing: Attention, clock speed, and memory. Meck