胰岛素样生长因子1

胰岛素样生长因子1（英语：Insulin-like growth factor 1，IGF-1）也被称为生长调节素C（somatomedin C），是一个由人类基因 IGF1 编码的蛋白质^[6][7]。在1970年代，IGF-1也曾经被称为“酸硫化（英语：sulfation）因子”^[8]，并认为其作用为“不受抑制的胰岛样活力”（nonsuppressible insulin-like activity，NSILA）。

胰岛素样生长因子1
已知的结构 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 1B9G、​1GZR、​1GZY、​1GZZ、​1H02、​1H59、​1IMX、​1PMX、​1TGR、​1WQJ、​2DSR、​2GF1、​3GF1、​3LRI、​1BQT、​4XSS
识别号
别名	IGF1；, IGF-I, IGF1A, IGFI, MGF, insulin like growth factor 1, IGF
外部ID	OMIM：147440 MGI：96432 HomoloGene：515 GeneCards：IGF1
相关疾病
growth delay due to insulin-like growth factor type 1 deficiency[1]
基因位置（人类） 染色体 12号染色体[2] 基因座 12q23.2 起始 102,395,874 bp[2] 终止 102,481,744 bp[2]
基因位置（小鼠） 染色体 小鼠10号染色体[3] 基因座 10 C1|10 43.7 cM 起始 87,694,127 bp[3] 终止 87,772,904 bp[3]
RNA表达模式
查阅更多表达数据
基因本体 分子功能 • hormone activity • insulin receptor binding • 生长因子活性 • integrin binding • 血浆蛋白结合 • insulin-like growth factor receptor binding 细胞组分 • 细胞外区域 • exocytic vesicle • insulin-like growth factor binding protein complex • platelet alpha granule lumen • insulin-like growth factor ternary complex • alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complex • 细胞膜 • 细胞外空间 生物学过程 • positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding • 骨骼系统的发生 • positive regulation of glucose import • muscle organ development • positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction • response to heat • positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration • 脱氧核糖核酸复制 • positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway • phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling • positive regulation of DNA binding • Ras protein signal transduction • 细胞增殖 • positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division • positive regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation • positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process • positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation • ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • cell activation • negative regulation of oocyte development • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • bone mineralization involved in bone maturation • positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation • positive regulation of MAPK cascade • proteoglycan biosynthetic process • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation • negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria • protein stabilization • myotube cell development • positive regulation of DNA replication • myoblast proliferation • skeletal muscle satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration • positive regulation of protein secretion • positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process • 基因调节 • phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • 肌肉肥大 • Akt/PKB信号通路 • regulation of multicellular organism growth • positive regulation of cell migration • platelet degranulation • positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling • myoblast differentiation • glycolate metabolic process • positive regulation of glycolytic process • negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process • 信号转导 • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development • positive regulation of cell population proliferation • positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation • activation of protein kinase B activity • insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of apoptotic process • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein • regulation of signaling receptor activity • positive regulation of gene expression • negative regulation of gene expression • cellular response to amyloid-beta • positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation • negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process • 白细胞介素-1β产生的负调控 • 肿瘤坏死因子产生的负调控 • negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response • negative regulation of amyloid-beta formation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物种	人类	小鼠
Entrez	3479	16000
Ensembl	ENSG00000017427	ENSMUSG00000020053
UniProt	P05019	P05017
mRNA​序列	NM_000618 ​NM_001111283 ​NM_001111284 ​NM_001111285	NM_001111274 ​NM_001111275 ​NM_001111276 ​NM_010512 ​NM_184052 ​NM_001314010
蛋白序列	NP_000609 ​NP_001104753 ​NP_001104754 ​NP_001104755	NP_001104744 ​NP_001104745 ​NP_001104746 ​NP_001300939 ​NP_034642
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 12: 102.4 – 102.48 Mb	Chr 10: 87.69 – 87.77 Mb
PubMed​查找	[4]	[5]
维基数据
查看/编辑人类 查看/编辑小鼠

IGF-1是一个在三级结构上与胰岛素类似的激素，在儿童成长发育中有重要作用，并持续在成人的合成代谢中起作用。一种人工合成的IGF-1类似物，美卡舍明（英语：mecasermin），用于治疗发育停滞^[9]。

IGF-1蛋白由一个肽链构成，包括70个氨基酸残基和三个分子内二硫键，分子量为7,649道尔顿^[10]。

已经发现,垂体前部的生长激素（GH）分泌受到GH释放激素( GHRH )和生长抑素的调节，GHRH和生长抑素之间的相互作用引起搏动性GH分泌，在青春期最高。GH诱导肝脏中胰岛素样生长因子1的产生，并调节许多其他组织中IGF-1的旁分泌。IGF-1是GH的合成代谢和促有丝分裂活性的介体。

参考文献

1. 與胰岛素样生长因子1相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
2. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000017427 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020053 - Ensembl, May 2017
4. Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
6. Höppener JW, de Pagter-Holthuizen P, Geurts van Kessel AH, Jansen M, Kittur SD, Antonarakis SE, Lips CJ, Sussenbach JS. The human gene encoding insulin-like growth factor I is located on chromosome 12. Hum. Genet. 1985, 69 (2): 157–60. PMID 2982726. doi:10.1007/BF00293288.
7. Jansen M, van Schaik FM, Ricker AT, Bullock B, Woods DE, Gabbay KH, Nussbaum AL, Sussenbach JS, Van den Brande JL. Sequence of cDNA encoding human insulin-like growth factor I precursor. Nature. 1983, 306 (5943): 609–11. PMID 6358902. doi:10.1038/306609a0.
8. Salmon WD, Daughaday WH. A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro. J Lab Clin Med. 1957, 49 (6): 825–36. PMID 13429201.
9. Keating GM. Mecasermin. BioDrugs. 2008, 22 (3): 177–88. PMID 18481900. doi:10.2165/00063030-200822030-00004.
10. Rinderknecht E, Humbel RE. The amino acid sequence of human insulin-like growth factor I and its structural homology with proinsulin. J Biol Chem. 1978, 253 (8): 2769–2776. PMID 632300.

延伸阅读

• Butler AA, Yakar S, LeRoith D. Insulin-like growth factor-I: compartmentalization within the somatotropic axis?. News Physiol. Sci. 2002, 17: 82–5. PMID 11909998.
• Maccario M, Tassone F, Grottoli S, Rossetto R, Gauna C, Ghigo E. Neuroendocrine and metabolic determinants of the adaptation of GH/IGF-I axis to obesity. Ann. Endocrinol. (Paris). 2002, 63 (2 Pt 1): 140–4. PMID 11994678.
• Camacho-Hübner C, Woods KA, Clark AJ, Savage MO. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I gene deletion. Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders. 2003, 3 (4): 357–61. PMID 12424437. doi:10.1023/A:1020957809082.
• Dantzer B, Swanson EM. Mediation of vertebrate life histories via insulin-like growth factor-1. Biological Reviews. 2012, 87 (2): 414–429. PMID 21981025. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00204.x.
• Trojan LA, Kopinski P, Wei MX, Ly A, Glogowska A, Czarny J, Shevelev A, Przewlocki R, Henin D, Trojan J. IGF-I: from diagnostic to triple-helix gene therapy of solid tumors. Acta Biochim. Pol. 2004, 49 (4): 979–90. PMID 12545204.
• Winn N, Paul A, Musaró A, Rosenthal N. Insulin-like growth factor isoforms in skeletal muscle aging, regeneration, and disease. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 2003, 67: 507–18. PMID 12858577. doi:10.1101/sqb.2002.67.507.
• Delafontaine P, Song YH, Li Y. Expression, regulation, and function of IGF-1, IGF-1R, and IGF-1 binding proteins in blood vessels. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2005, 24 (3): 435–44. PMID 14604834. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000105902.89459.09.
• Trejo JL, Carro E, Garcia-Galloway E, Torres-Aleman I. Role of insulin-like growth factor I signaling in neurodegenerative diseases. J. Mol. Med. 2004, 82 (3): 156–62. PMID 14647921. doi:10.1007/s00109-003-0499-7.
• Rabinovsky ED. The multifunctional role of IGF-1 in peripheral nerve regeneration. Neurol. Res. 2004, 26 (2): 204–10. PMID 15072640. doi:10.1179/016164104225013851.
• Rincon M, Muzumdar R, Atzmon G, Barzilai N. The paradox of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway in longevity. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2005, 125 (6): 397–403. PMID 15272501. doi:10.1016/j.mad.2004.03.006.
• Conti E, Carrozza C, Capoluongo E, Volpe M, Crea F, Zuppi C, Andreotti F. Insulin-like growth factor-1 as a vascular protective factor. Circulation. 2005, 110 (15): 2260–5. PMID 15477425. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000144309.87183.FB.
• Wood AW, Duan C, Bern HA. Insulin-like growth factor signaling in fish. Int. Rev. Cytol. International Review of Cytology. 2005, 243: 215–85. ISBN 9780123646477. PMID 15797461. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(05)43004-1.
• Sandhu MS. Insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease: molecular epidemiology. Endocrine development. Endocrine Development. 2005, 9: 44–54. ISBN 3-8055-7926-8. PMID 15879687. doi:10.1159/000085755.
• Ye P, D'Ercole AJ. Insulin-like growth factor actions during development of neural stem cells and progenitors in the central nervous system. J. Neurosci. Res. 2006, 83 (1): 1–6. PMID 16294334. doi:10.1002/jnr.20688.
• Gómez JM. The role of insulin-like growth factor I components in the regulation of vitamin D. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology. 2006, 7 (2): 125–32. PMID 16724947. doi:10.2174/138920106776597621.
• Federico G, Street ME, Maghnie M, Caruso-Nicoletti M, Loche S, Bertelloni S, Cianfarani S. Assessment of serum IGF-I concentrations in the diagnosis of isolated childhood-onset GH deficiency: a proposal of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (SIEDP/ISPED). J. Endocrinol. Invest. 2006, 29 (8): 732–7. PMID 17033263. doi:10.1007/bf03344184.
• Zakula Z, Koricanac G, Putnikovic B, Markovic L, Isenovic ER. Regulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and sodium pump in type 1 diabetes. Med. Hypotheses. 2007, 69 (2): 302–6. PMID 17289286. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.11.045.
• Trojan J, Cloix JF, Ardourel MY, Chatel M, Anthony DD. Insulin-like growth factor type I biology and targeting in malignant gliomas. Neuroscience. 2007, 145 (3): 795–811. PMID 17320297. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.021.
• Venkatasubramanian G, Chittiprol S, Neelakantachar N, Naveen MN, Thirthall J, Gangadhar BN, Shetty KT. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 abnormalities in antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. October 2007, 164 (10): 1557–60. PMID 17898347. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07020233.

外部链接

• 医学主题词表（MeSH）：Insulin-Like+Growth+Factor+I
• IGF-1 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Lab Tests Online
• IGF-1 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） recombinant GFP labeled at Protean Ltd. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）