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索藻科（学名：Chordariaceae）是褐藻纲水云目（旧作索藻目）之下的一个科。这个科的物种型态各异：可能是丝状的、在底部有融合细胞的壳状的、 or they may be terete and differentiated into a central medulla 及可进行光合作用的外皮层。这些物种都有孢子状的叶状体，聚合起来形成假薄壁组织[1]。
顾名思义，作为褐藻的成员，这些物种的色素都是褐色的。
本科包括下列各属[2]：
- Acrocytis Rosenvinge, 1933
- Acrospongium Schiffn., 1916
- 顶毛藻属 Acrothrix Kylin, 1907
- Acrotrichium Womersley & Skinner, 1987
- Actinema Reinsch, 1874-1875
- Adriogloia Ercegovic, 1955
- Ascocyclus Magnus, 1874
- Ascoseirophila A.F.Peters, 2003
- Asperococcus J.V.Lamouroux, 1813
- 聚果藻属 Botrytella Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822
- Botrytella micromora Bory
- 太平洋聚果藻 Botrytella pacifica (Hollenberg) G.I.Hansen
- 聚果藻 Botrytella parva (Takamatsu) H.S.Kim
- 云氏聚果藻 Botrytella reinboldii (Reinke) Kornmann & Sahling
- Buffhamia Batters, 1895
- Buffhamia speciosa Batters, 1895
- Castagnea A.Derbès & A.Solier, 1851
- Chilionema Sauvageau, 1898
- Chilionema hispanicum (Sauvageau) R.L.Fletcher, 1987
- Chilionema ocellatum (Kützing) Kornmann, 1953
- 索藻属 Chordaria C.Agardh, 1817
- Chukchia R.T.Wilce, P.M.Pedersen & Sekida, 2009
- Cladochroa Skottsberg, 1921
- 枝管藻属 Cladosiphon Kützing, 1843
- Cladothele J.D.Hooker & Harvey, 1845
- Clathrodiscus Hamel, 1935
- Climacosorus Sauvageau, 1933
- Coelocladia Rosenvinge, 1893
- Coilodesme Strømfelt, 1886
- Corycus Kjellman, 1889
- Corynophlaea Kützing, 1843
- Cylindrocarpus P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1851
- Dalmatogloia Ercegovic, 1955
- Delamarea Hariot, 1889
- Dermatocelis Rosenvinge, 1898
- Desmotrichum Kützing, 1845
- Dichosporangium Hauck, 1884
- 网管藻属 Dictyosiphon Greville, 1830
- 短毛藻属 Elachista Duby, 1830
- Elachistiella Cassano, Yoneshigue-Valentin & M.J.Wynne, 2004
- Elachistiella leptonematoides Cassano, Yonesh. & M.J.Wynne[3]
- Entonema Reinsch, 1875
- Entonema polycladum (Jaasund) Jaasund, 1965
- 真丝藻属 Eudesme J.Agardh, 1882
- Flabellonema Skinner & Womersley, 1984
- Fosliea Reinke, 1891
- Giraudia Derbès & Solier, 1851
- Gononema Kuckuck & Skottsberg, 1921
- Gontrania Sauvageau, 1936
- Halodictyon Kützing, 1843 (nomen dubium)
- Halonema Jaasund, 1951
- Halorhipis Saunders, 1898
- Halorhiza Kützing, 1843
- Halorhiza vaga Kützing
- Halothrix Reinke, 1888
- 褐毛藻 Halothrix lumbricalis (Kützing) Reinke, 1888
- Hamelella Børgesen, 1942
- Hecatonema Sauvageau, 1898 '1897'
- Heterophycus Trevisan, 1848
- Heterosaundersella Tokida, 1942
- Hummia J.Fiore, 1975
- Isthmoplea Kjellman, 1877
- Kolderupia S.Lund, 1959
- Kurogiella Kawai, 1993
- 带绒藻属 Laminariocolax Kylin, 1947
- Laminariocolax aecidioides (Rosenv.) A.F.Peters
- Laminariocolax atlanticus M.S.Bernard, Strittmatter & A.F.Peters, 2018
- 短囊带绒藻 Laminariocolax draparnaldioides Noda, 1971
- Laminariocolax macrocystis (A.F.Peters) A.F.Peters
- 绒状带绒藻 Laminariocolax tomentosoides (Farl.) Kylin, 1947
- Laminarionema Kawai & Tokuyama, 1995
- 黏膜藻属 Leathesia S.F.Gray, 1821：旧属黏膜藻科（Leathesiaceae）[4]；
- Leblondiella G.Hamel, 1939
- Leptonematella P.C.Silva, 1959
- Levringia Kylin, 1940
- Liebmannia J.Agardh, 1842
- Litosiphon Harvey, 1849
- Melanosiphon M.J.Wynne, 1969
- Melanosiphon intestinalis (De A.Saunders) M.J.Wynne
- Melastictis Reinsch, 1890
- Mesogloia C.Agardh, 1817
- Mesogloia japonica[5]
- Mesogloia lanosa P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1867
- Mesogloia mediterranea J.Agardh
- Mesogloia vermiculata (Sm.) Gray
- Mesogloiopsis Womersley & Bailey, 1987
- Microcoryne Strömfelt, 1888
- Microspongium Reinke, 1888
- Microsporangium
- Mikrosyphar Kuckuck, 1895
- Monosiphon L.Volkov, 1916
- 髓叶藻属 Myelophycus Kjellman, 1893
- 简单髓叶藻 Myelophycus simplex Harvey Papenfuss, 1967
- 多毛藻属 Myriactula Kuntze, 1898：旧属黏膜藻科[4]:330；
- Myriactula arabica (Kützing) Feldmann, 1937
- Myriactula areschougii (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Hamel
- Myriactula chordae (Aresch.) Levring
- Myriactula clandestina (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Feldmann
- 粗丝多辐藻 Myriactula clavata (Takamatsu) Feldmann, 1943
- Myriactula elongata (Sauv.) G.Hamel, 1939
- Myriactula fucorum (Rosenv.) Kylin
- Myriactula gracilis van der Ben, 1969
- Myriactula haydenii (Gatty) Levring
- Myriactula minor (Farl.) W.R.Taylor
- Myriactula oxalifera (Sauv.) G.Hamel, 1939
- Myriactula pulvinata (Kützing) Kuntze, 1898
- Myriactula rigida (Sauv.) G.Hamel, 1939
- Myriactula rivulariae (Suhr ex Aresch.) Feldmann
- 马尾多辐藻 Myriactula sargassi (Yendo) Feldmann, 1943
- Myriactula stellulata (Harvey) Levring, 1937
- Myriactula vlastae Feldmann, 1954
- Myriocladia J.Agardh, 1841
- Myriocladia ekmanii (Aresch.) Kylin
- Myriocladia lovenii J.Agardh
- Myriocladia tomentosa P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan, 1867
- Myriogloea P.Kuckuck ex F.Oltmanns, 1922
- Myrionema Greville, 1827
- Myrionema conchicola (Feldmann 1936) Boudouresque 1992[6]
- Myrionema crustaceum Agardh 1842
- Myriotrichia Harvey, 1834
- 海蕴属 Nemacystus Derbès & Solier, 1850：旧属海蕴科（Spermatochnaceae Kjellman，又名狭果藻科）[4]:335
- Neoleptonema E.-Y.Lee & I.K.Lee, 2002[7]
- Neoleptonema yongpilii E.-Y. Lee & I.K. Lee[8]
- Omphalophyllum Rosenvinge, 1893
- Omphalophyllum ulvaceum Rosenvinge, 1893
- Papenfussiella Kylin, 1940
- Papenfussiella callitricha (Rosenvinge) Kylin
- 异丝藻 Papenfussiella kuromo (Yendo Inagaki, 1958)
- Papenfussiella lutea Kylin
- Phaeophysema A.Tanaka, S.Uwai & H. Kawai, 2010
- Phaeostromatella P.J.L. Dangeard, 1970
- Phycocelis Strömfelt, 1888
- Pilocladus Kornmann, 1954
- Platysiphon R.T.Wilce, 1962
- Polycerea J.Agardh, 1882
- Proselachista Y.P.Lee & Garbary, 1999
- Protasperococcus Sauvageau, 1931
- Protectocarpus Kornmann, 1955
- 点叶藻属 Punctaria Greville, 1830
- Rhadinocladia Schuh, 1900
- Saundersella Kylin, 1940
- Saundersella crassa[9]
- Saundersella simplex
- Sauvageaugloia G.Hamel ex Kylin, 1940 Soranthera
- Soranthera Postels & Ruprecht, 1840
- 狭果藻属 Spermatochnus Kützing, 1843
- 球毛藻属 Sphaerotrichia Kylin, 1940[4]:320
- Stictyosiphon Kützing, 1843
- Stilophora J.Agardh, 1841
- Stilopsis Kuckuck, 1929
- 扭线藻属 Streblonema Derbès et Solier, 1851：旧属水云科[4]:287-298：
- Streblonemopsis R.Valiante, 1883
- Strepsithalia Bornet ex Sauvageau, 1896
- Striaria Greville, 1828
- Suringariella Womersley & Bailey, 1987
- 面条藻属 Tinocladia Kylin, 1940[4]:323
- Tinocladia australis (Harvey) Kylin, 1940
- 面条藻 Tinocladia crassa Suring.
- 拟真丝面条藻 Tinocladia eudesmoides Ding et Lu, 2004
- 纤细面条藻 Tinocladia gracilis Ding et Lu, 2004
- 微孢面条藻 Tinocladia microsporangiis Ding et Lu, 2004
- Tinocladia novae-zelandiae Kylin
- 张氏面条藻 Tinocladia zhangii Ding et Lu, 2004
- Trachynema P.-M.Pedersen, 1985
- Ulonema Foslie, 1893
- Vimineoleathesia A.Tanaka, S.Uwai & H. Kawai, 2010
- Zeacarpa Anderson, Simons & Bolton, 1988
- Zonarina Ørsted
- Zonarina abbreviata (Dolin & Lozouet, 2004)
- Zonarina aturensis Dolin & Lozouet, 2004
- Zonarina estotiensis (Dolin & Lozouet, 2004)
- Zonarina exglobosa Sacco, 1894
- Zonarina liviae Fehse & Vicián, 2004
- Zonarina maynotensis Dolin & Lozouet, 2004
- Zonarina parasigmapertura (Dolin & Lozouet, 2004)
- Zonarina pinguis (Grateloup, 1846)
- Zonarina subelongata (d'Orbigny, 1852)
- Zonarius Ørsted
- Zosterocarpus Bornet, 1890
- Zosterocarpus abyssicola W.R.Taylor
- Zosterocarpus oedogonium (Menegh.) Bornet, 1890
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