虾脊兰属（属名：Calanthe），或称节兰属、根节兰属，是兰科吻兰族植物, 为多年生地生草本，约200–300种, 主要分布在亚洲热带和亚热带地区, 热带澳洲、非洲和中美洲[1]。虾脊兰种类多，且型态千变万化，为其他兰类望尘莫及。
下属物种
虾脊兰属包含以下物种：[2]
- Calanthe abbreviata
- Calanthe aceras
- 辐射虾脊兰 Calanthe actinomorpha
- Calanthe albolutea
- Calanthe aleizettii
- 泽泻虾脊兰 Calanthe alismifolia
- 长柄虾脊兰 Calanthe alleizettei
- 流苏虾脊兰 Calanthe alpina
- Calanthe alta
- 狭叶虾脊兰 Calanthe angustifolia
- Calanthe angustifolia var. angustifolia
- Calanthe angustifolia var. flava
- Calanthe anthropophora
- 弧距虾脊兰 Calanthe arcuata
- Calanthe arfakana
- 银带虾脊兰 Calanthe argenteostriata
- 台湾虾脊兰 Calanthe arisanensis
- 翘距虾脊兰 Calanthe aristulifera
- Calanthe aruank
- Calanthe atjehensis
- Calanthe aurantiaca
- Calanthe aureiflora
- Calanthe bicalcarata
- Calanthe bicalcarata var. bicalcarata
- Calanthe bicalcarata var. depressa
- 二裂虾脊兰 Calanthe biloba
- 秉滔虾脊兰 C. bingtaoi
- 肾唇虾脊兰 Calanthe brevicornu
- Calanthe breviflos
- Calanthe calanthoides (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Hamer & Garay
- Calanthe camptoceras Schltr.
- Calanthe cardioglossa Schltr.
- Calanthe carrii
- Calanthe caulescens
- Calanthe caulodes
- Calanthe cheniana
- Calanthe chevalieri
- Calanthe chloroleuca
- Calanthe chrysoglossoides
- Calanthe chrysoleuca
- 棒距虾脊兰 Calanthe clavata
- Calanthe clavicalcar
- Calanthe cleistogama
- Calanthe coelogyniformis
- Calanthe coiloglossa Schltr.
- Calanthe conspicua
- Calanthe cootesii M.A. Naive
- Calanthe coreana
- Calanthe cremeoviridis
- Calanthe crenulata
- Calanthe cruciata Schltr.
- Calanthe crumenata
- Calanthe davaensis
- 剑叶虾脊兰 Calanthe davidii
- 密花虾脊兰 Calanthe densiflora
- Calanthe dipteryx
- 虾脊兰 Calanthe discolor
- Calanthe disticha
- 独龙虾兰 Calanthe dulongensis
- Calanthe duyana
- Calanthe ecallosa
- 天全虾脊兰 Calanthe ecarinata
- 峨眉虾脊兰 Calanthe emeishanica
- Calanthe engleriana
- Calanthe engleriana var. brevicalcarata
- Calanthe engleriana var. engleriana
- Calanthe englishii
- Calanthe ensifolia
- Calanthe epiphytica
- Calanthe esquirolei
- 天府虾脊兰 Calanthe fargesii
- Calanthe finisterrae Schltr.
- Calanthe fissa
- Calanthe flava
- Calanthe flava var. flava
- Calanthe flava var. rubra
- Calanthe forbesii
- Calanthe fragrans
- 福贡虾脊兰 C. fugongensis
- Calanthe fulgens
- Calanthe geelvinkensis
- Calanthe gibbsiae
- 钩距虾脊兰 Calanthe graciliflora
- Calanthe graciliscapa Schltr.
- 通麦虾脊兰 Calanthe griffithii
- Calanthe halconensis
- 叉唇虾脊兰 Calanthe hancockii
- Calanthe hattorii Schltr.
- Calanthe hennisii
- 疏花虾脊兰 Calanthe henryi
- 西南虾脊兰 Calanthe herbacea
- Calanthe hirsuta
- Calanthe hololeuca
- Calanthe hoshii
- Calanthe hyacinthina Schltr.
- Calanthe imthurnii
- Calanthe inflata Schltr.
- Calanthe izu-insularis
- Calanthe johorensis
- Calanthe jusnerii
- Calanthe kawakamiense
- Calanthe kaniensis Schltr.
- Calanthe kemulensis
- Calanthe keshabii
- 黄翘距虾脊兰 Calanthe kinabaluensis
- Calanthe labellicauda
- 葫芦茎虾脊兰 Calanthe labrosa
- Calanthe lacerata
- Calanthe lamellosa
- 乐昌虾脊兰 Calanthe lechangensis
- Calanthe leucosceptrum Schltr.
- Calanthe leucosceptrum var. bisubulifera
- Calanthe leucosceptrum var. leucosceptrum
- 开唇虾脊兰 Calanthe limprichtii Schltr.
- Calanthe longibracteata
- Calanthe longifolia Schltr.
- Calanthe lutiviridis
- 南方虾脊兰 Calanthe lyroglossa
- Calanthe lyroglossa var. longibracteata
- Calanthe lyroglossa var. lyroglossa.
- Calanthe madagascariensis
- 细花虾脊兰 Calanthe mannii
- Calanthe maquilingensis
- 长距虾脊兰 C. masuca
- Calanthe maxii
- Calanthe mcgregorii
- 墨脱虾脊兰 Calanthe metoensis
- Calanthe micrantha Schltr.
- Calanthe microglossa
- Calanthe moluccensis
- Calanthe monophylla
- Calanthe muelleri
- 南昆虾脊兰 Calanthe nankunensis
- Calanthe nicolae
- 戟形虾脊兰 Calanthe nipponica
- Calanthe nivalis
- Calanthe oblanceolata
- Calanthe obreniformis
- 香花虾脊兰 Calanthe odora
- Calanthe oreadum
- Calanthe otuhanica
- Calanthe ovalifolia
- Calanthe ovata
- Calanthe papuana
- Calanthe parvilabris Schltr.
- Calanthe pauciverrucosa
- Calanthe pavairiensis
- 圆唇虾脊兰 Calanthe petelotiana
- Calanthe pilosa
- 车前虾脊兰 Calanthe plantaginea
- Calanthe plantaginea var. lushuiensis
- Calanthe plantaginea var. plantaginea
- Calanthe polyantha
- 镰萼虾脊兰（]] Calanthe puberula
- Calanthe pulchra
- Calanthe pullei
- Calanthe rajana
- Calanthe reflexilabris
- Calanthe rhodochila Schltr.
- Calanthe rhodochila var. reconditiflora
- Calanthe rhodochila var. rhodochila.
- Calanthe rigida
- Calanthe rosea
- Calanthe rubens
- Calanthe ruttenii
- Calanthe saccata
- 囊爪虾脊兰 Calanthe sacculata Schltr.
- Calanthe salaccensis
- Calanthe sanderiana
- Calanthe seranica
- Calanthe shelfordii
- Calanthe shweliensis
- 大黄花虾脊兰 Calanthe sieboldii
- 异大黄花虾脊兰 Calanthe sieboldopsis
- 匙瓣虾脊兰 Calanthe simplex
- 中华虾脊兰 Calanthe sinica
- Calanthe spathoglottoides Schltr.
- 二列叶虾脊兰 Calanthe speciosa
- Calanthe stenophylla
- Calanthe stevensiana
- Calanthe striata
- Calanthe succedanea
- 长距虾脊兰 Calanthe sylvatica
- Calanthe taenioides
- Calanthe tahitensis
- 太白山虾脊兰 Calanthe taibaishanensis M.Guo, J.W.Zhai & L.J.Chen, 2017
- Calanthe tenuis
- Calanthe torricellensis Schltr.
- Calanthe transiens
- Calanthe triantherifera
- 三棱虾脊兰 Calanthe tricarinata
- 裂距虾脊兰 Calanthe trifida
- 白鹤兰 Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames, 1907， 基异名：Orchis triplicata Willemet
- Calanthe trulliformis
- Calanthe truncata
- Calanthe truncicola Schltr.
- 吉氏虾脊兰 Calanthe tsiana Y.Q.Chen, J.W.Zhai & S.R.Lan[3]
- 无距虾脊兰 Calanthe tsoongiana Tang & F.T.Wang, 1951
- Calanthe uncata
- Calanthe undulata
- Calanthe unifolia
- Calanthe vaginata
- Calanthe velutina
- Calanthe ventilabrum
- Calanthe versteegii
- Calanthe vestita
- Calanthe villosa
- 文山虾脊兰 Calanthe wenshanensis J.W.Zhai, L.J.Chen & Z.J.Liu, 2013
- 四川虾脊兰 Calanthe whiteana King & Pantl., 1896
- 药山虾脊兰 Calanthe yaoshanensis Z.X.Ren & H.Wang, 2011
- Calanthe yingjiangensis J.L.Miao & J.W.Zhai, 2024[4]
- 峨边虾脊兰 Calanthe yuana
- Calanthe yuksomnensis
- Calanthe zollingeri
- 杂交种：
- Calanthe ×albolilacina J.J.Sm.
- Calanthe ×aurora A.H.Kent
- Calanthe ×dominyi Lindl.
- Calanthe ×eyermanii
- Calanthe ×finetii
- Calanthe ×gigas
- Calanthe ×halli hort. ex Wien.
- Calanthe ×hortensis T.Tanaka, 2013
- Calanthe ×hsinchuensis Y.I Lee
- Calanthe ×kibanakirishima Maek.
- Calanthe ×lentiginosa Rchb.f.
- Calanthe ×mantinii
- Calanthe ×oodaruma Maek.
- Calanthe ×porphyrea Rchb.f.
- Calanthe ×sandhurstiana Gosse ex Rchb.f.
- Calanthe ×sedenii Rchb.f.
- Calanthe ×sibuyanense Cootes & G.Tiong
- Calanthe ×siebertiana Schltr.
- Calanthe ×subhamata J.J.Sm.
- Calanthe ×varians J.J.Sm.
- Calanthe ×veitchii
- Calanthe × yarlungzangboensis [5]
参考文献
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